Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

Basis of Presentation

v2.4.0.6
Basis of Presentation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Organization and Basis of Presentation [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation

2.    Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements refer to Herbalife and its subsidiaries. On April 28, 2011, the Company’s shareholders approved a two-for-one stock split, or the stock split, of the Company’s common shares. One additional common share was distributed to the Company’s shareholders on or around May 17, 2011, for each common share held on May 10, 2011. All references in the financial statements and notes to number of shares and per share amounts have been retrospectively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the stock split.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2011-08, Testing Goodwill for Impairment. This ASU permits an entity to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount before applying the two-step goodwill impairment test. If an entity concludes it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then there is no need to perform the two-step impairment test. This ASU is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, as it is intended to simplify the assessment for goodwill impairment.

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income. This ASU will require companies to present the components of net and comprehensive income in either one or two consecutive financial statements and eliminates the option to present other comprehensive income in the statement of changes in shareholders’ equity. In December 2011, the FASB issued amendments to defer certain presentation requirements of this ASU; the amendments defer the requirement where companies would have been required to present reclassification adjustments for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income in both net income and other comprehensive income on the face of the financial statements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this ASU only impacts the presentation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements and does not materially impact its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. This ASU expands existing disclosure requirements for fair value measurements and provides additional information on how to measure fair value. The Company is required to apply this ASU prospectively for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation Policy

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Herbalife Ltd. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated.

Business Combinations

During August 2009, the Company purchased certain assets of Micelle Laboratories, Inc., a Lake Forest, California contract manufacturer of food and nutritional supplements. The Company purchased the assets in order to strengthen its global manufacturing capabilities. The purchase price is not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements and for accounting purposes the acquisition, or the Micelle Acquisition, was recorded as a business combination pursuant to FASB accounting standards codification, or ASC, 805, Business Combinations.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions

In the majority of the countries that the Company operates, the functional currency is the local currency. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries’ asset and liability accounts are translated for consolidated financial reporting purposes into U.S. dollar amounts at year-end exchange rates. Revenue and expense accounts are translated at the average rates during the year. Foreign exchange translation adjustments are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses, which include the cost of foreign currency derivative contracts and the related settlement gains and losses but excluding certain foreign currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedges as discussed in Note 11, Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded net foreign currency transaction losses of $11.4 million, $7.3 million, and $7.7 million, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, which includes the foreign exchange impact relating to the Company’s Venezuelan subsidiary, Herbalife Venezuela. Herbalife Venezuela’s foreign currency financial statement impact is discussed further below within this Note.

Forward Exchange Contracts, Option Contracts and Interest Rate Swaps

The Company enters into foreign currency derivative instruments such as forward exchange contracts and option contracts in managing its foreign exchange risk on sales to distributors, purchase commitments denominated in foreign currencies, intercompany transactions and bank loans. The Company also enters into interest rate swaps in managing its interest rate risk on its variable rate credit facility. The Company does not use the contracts for trading purposes.

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, or ASC 815, the Company designates certain of its derivative instruments as cash flow hedges and formally documents its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking the hedge transaction, at the time the derivative contract is executed. The Company assesses the effectiveness of the hedge both at inception and on an ongoing basis and determines whether the hedge is highly or perfectly effective in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. The Company records the effective portion of changes in the estimated fair value in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassifies the related amount of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to earnings when the hedged item and underlying transaction impacts earnings. If it is determined that a derivative has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, the Company will discontinue hedge accounting for such transaction. For derivatives that are not designated as hedges, all changes in estimated fair value are recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are comprised primarily of foreign and domestic bank accounts. To reduce its credit risk, the Company monitors the credit standing of the financial institutions that hold the Company’s cash and cash equivalents.

During 2011, the Company entered into a cash pooling arrangement with a financial institution for cash management purposes. This cash pooling arrangement allows certain of the Company’s participating foreign locations to withdraw cash from this financial institution to the extent aggregate cash deposits held by its participating locations are available at the financial institution. To the extent any participating location on an individual basis is in an overdraft position, these overdrafts will be recorded as liabilities and reflected as financing activities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of cash flows, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, the Company did not owe any amounts to this financial institution.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist principally of receivables from credit card companies, arising from the sale of products to the Company’s distributors, and receivables from importers, who are utilized in a limited number of countries to sell products to distributors. Due to the geographic dispersion of its credit card receivables, the collection risk is not considered to be significant. The receivables from credit card companies were $65.1 million and $51.4 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Substantially all of the receivables from credit card companies were current as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. Although receivables from importers can be significant, the Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its importers and maintains an allowance for potential credit losses. The Company considers customer credit-worthiness, past and current transaction history with the customer, contractual terms, current economic industry trends, and changes in customer payment terms when determining whether collectibility is reasonably assured and whether to record allowances for its receivables. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers deteriorates and adversely affects their ability to make payments, additional allowances will be recorded. The Company believes that it provides adequate allowances for receivables from its distributors and importers which are not material to its consolidated financial statements. As of December 31, 2011, the majority of the Company’s total outstanding accounts receivable were current.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company applies the provisions of FASB authoritative guidance as it applies to the nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities. The FASB authoritative guidance clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to measure fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. As disclosed in Note 13, Fair Value Measurements, the Company has properly measured and disclosed its financial instruments.

The Company has estimated the fair value of its financial instruments using the following methods and assumptions:

 

   

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments;

 

   

The fair value of option and forward contracts are based on dealer quotes; and

 

   

The carrying values of the Company’s variable rate debt instruments are considered to approximate their fair values because interest rates of those instruments approximate current rates offered to the Company.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost (primarily on the first-in, first-out basis) or market.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs represent fees and expenses related to the borrowing of the Company’s long-term debt and are amortized over the term of the related debt.

Long-Lived Assets

Depreciation of furniture, fixtures, and equipment (includes computer hardware and software) is computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which range from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related asset or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Depreciation of furniture, fixtures, equipment, and amortization of leasehold improvements recorded to selling, general and administrative expenses totaled $68.9 million, $67.7 million, and $62.2 million, for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment, based on undiscounted cash flows, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Measurement of an impairment loss is based on the estimated fair value of the asset.

Goodwill and marketing related intangible assets with indefinite lives are evaluated on an annual basis for impairment or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. During the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, there were no goodwill or marketing related intangible asset impairments. At December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the marketing related intangible asset balance was $310.0 million. As of December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, the goodwill balance was $105.5 million, $102.9 million, and $102.5 million, respectively. The $2.6 million increase in goodwill in 2011 from 2010 was primarily due to the acquisition of iChange Network, Inc., a privately held software company, where the purchase price was not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The $0.4 million increase in goodwill in 2010 from 2009 was primarily due to the effect of an adjustment to the fair value of inventory acquired in the Micelle Acquisition.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their expected lives, and are expected to be fully amortized over the next five years. As of December 31, 2011, the Company’s intangible assets with finite lives increased to $1.7 million, net of $0.6 million amortization, due to the iChange Network acquisition. As of December 31, 2010, the Company’s intangible assets with finite lives decreased to $0.8 million. As of December 31, 2009, the Company’s intangible assets with finite lives increased to $1.7 million, net of $0.2 million amortization, due to the Micelle Acquisition. The annual amortization expense for finite life intangibles was $0.6 million, $0.9 million, and $0.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. At December 31, 2011, the annual expected amortization expense is as follows: 2012 — $0.6 million; 2013 — $0.4 million; 2014 — $0.3 million; 2015 — $0.3 million; and 2016 — $0.1 million.

 

Income Taxes

Income tax expense includes income taxes payable for the current year and the change in deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or income tax returns. A valuation allowance is recognized to reduce the carrying value of deferred income tax assets if it is believed to be more likely than not that a component of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized.

The Company accounts for uncertainty in income taxes in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance which clarifies the accounting and reporting for uncertainties in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. This guidance prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns. See Note 12, Income Taxes, for further discussion on income taxes.

In the second quarter of 2011, the Company changed its method of accounting for excess tax benefits recognized as a result of the exercise of employee stock options, stock appreciation rights, or SARs, and other share-based equity grants, from the tax-law-ordering method to the with-and-without method. Under the tax law ordering method, the deduction for share-based compensation is applied against income tax liabilities before other credits are applied, such as foreign tax credits. The with-and-without method applies the deduction for share-based compensation against taxable income after other credits have been applied against taxable income, to the extent allowable and subject to applicable limitations. The with-and-without method separately determines the impact of the tax benefit from share-based compensation after considering the tax effects related to the Company’s on-going operations. A benefit is recorded when deductions for share-based compensation reduces income taxes payable or increases income taxes refund receivable. The Company believes that the with-and-without method is a preferable method of determining the benefit applicable to share-based compensation because it better reflects the Company’s ongoing operations. This change in accounting method primarily impacts the allocation of income taxes and tax benefits between continuing operations, deferred tax items, and additional paid in capital for financial reporting purposes, but it does not have any impact on the ultimate amount of income tax reported on the Company’s income tax returns and it does not impact the Company’s income taxes payable included within its accompanying consolidated balance sheet. This change in accounting principle does not impact the consolidated financial statements related to fiscal years prior to 2010.

This change in accounting principle is applied to all periods presented and the following tables summarize the impact of this change on the Company’s consolidated financial statements:

Consolidated Balance Sheet

 

 

                 
    December 31, 2010  
    As  Previously
Reported
    As Adjusted  
    (In thousands)  

Paid-in capital in excess of par value

  $ 257,375     $ 248,693  

Retained earnings

  $ 257,004     $ 265,686  

 

Consolidated Statements of Income

 

 

                 
    Year Ended
December 31, 2010
 
    As  Previously
Reported
    As Adjusted  
    (In thousands, except per
share amount)
 

Income taxes

  $ 89,562     $ 80,880  

Net income

  $ 290,533     $ 299,215  

Basic earnings per share(1)

  $ 2.44     $ 2.51  

Diluted earnings per share(1)

  $ 2.33     $ 2.37  

 

 

(1) Basic and diluted earnings per share, as previously reported, for the year ended December 31, 2010, have also been adjusted to reflect the stock split.

Common Share Amounts Used to Compute Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

 

 

                 
    Year Ended
December 31, 2010
 
    As Previously
Reported (1)
    As Adjusted  
    (In thousands)  

Weighted average shares used in basic computations

    119,004       119,004  

Dilutive effect of exercise of equity grants outstanding

    5,076       7,059  

Dilutive effect of warrants

    432       432  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used in diluted computations

    124,512       126,495  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Basic and diluted weighted shares outstanding, as previously reported, for the year ended December 31, 2010, have been adjusted to reflect the stock split.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income

 

 

                 
    Year Ended
December 31, 2010
 
    As  Previously
Reported
    As Adjusted  
    (In thousands)  

Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value

               

Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options, SARs and restricted stock grants

  $ 16,727     $ 8,045  

Balance at December 31, 2010

  $ 257,375     $ 248,693  

Retained Earnings

               

Net income

  $ 290,533     $ 299,215  

Balance at December 31, 2010

  $ 257,004     $ 265,686  

Comprehensive Income

               

Net income

  $ 290,533     $ 299,215  

Total comprehensive income

  $ 286,644     $ 295,326  

 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

 

 

                 
    Year Ended
December 31, 2010
 
    As  Previously
Reported
    As Adjusted  
    (In thousands)  

Net income

  $ 290,533     $ 299,215  

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

  $ (16,410   $ (7,728

Deferred income taxes

  $ (24,631   $ (33,313

Net cash provided by operating activities

  $ 380,402     $ 389,084  

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

  $ 16,410     $ 7,728  

Net cash used in financing activities

  $ (254,480   $ (263,162

If the Company had not changed from the prior tax law ordering method of accounting for excess tax benefits in the second quarter of fiscal year 2011, income taxes, net income and earnings per share would have been reflected as noted below:

Consolidated Statements of Income

 

 

         
    Year Ended
December 31,  2011
 
    As Computed Under
Prior Method
 
    (In thousands, except
per share amount)
 

Income taxes

  $ 159,083  

Net income

  $ 400,696  

Basic earnings per share

  $ 3.41  

Diluted earnings per share

  $ 3.25  

Royalty Overrides

An independent distributor may earn commissions, called royalty overrides or production bonuses, based on retail volume. Such commissions are based on the retail sales volume of certain other members of the independent sales force who are sponsored by the distributor. In addition, such commissions are recorded when the products are shipped and revenue is recognized. Non-U.S. royalty checks that have aged, for a variety of reasons, beyond a certainty of being paid, are taken back into income. Management has estimated this period of certainty to be three years worldwide.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of net earnings, foreign currency translation adjustments and the effective portion of the unrealized gains or losses on derivatives. Comprehensive income is presented in the consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income.

 

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

 

                         
    December 31,  
    2011     2010     2009  

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax

  $ (38,609   $ (21,852   $ (22,435

Unrealized loss on derivatives, net of tax

    800       (5,433     (961
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

  $ (37,809   $ (27,285   $ (23,396
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating Leases

The Company leases all of its physical properties under operating leases. Certain lease agreements generally include rent holidays and tenant improvement allowances. The Company recognizes rent holiday periods on a straight-line basis over the lease term beginning when the Company has the right to the leased space. The Company also records tenant improvement allowances and rent holidays as deferred rent liabilities and amortizes the deferred rent over the terms of the lease to rent.

Research and Development

The Company’s research and development is performed by in-house staff and outside consultants. For all periods presented, research and development costs were expensed as incurred and were not material.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share represents net income for the period common shares were outstanding, divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share represents net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, inclusive of the effect of dilutive securities such as outstanding stock options, SARs, stock units and warrants.

The following are the common share amounts used to compute the basic and diluted earnings per share for each period (in thousands):

 

 

                         
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2011     2010     2009  

Weighted average shares used in basic computations

    117,540       119,004       122,442  

Dilutive effect of exercise of equity grants outstanding

    7,046       7,059       3,468  

Dilutive effect of warrants(1)

    260       432       284  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted average shares used in diluted computations

    124,846       126,495       126,194  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

(1) At December 31, 2011, the Company had 0.5 million warrants outstanding, with an exercise price of $7.75, which will expire on December 1, 2014.

There were an aggregate of 2.1 million, 1.5 million and 5.6 million of equity grants, consisting of stock options, SARs, and stock units that were outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when products are shipped and title and risk of loss passes to the independent distributor or importer. Sales are recognized on a net sales basis, which reflects product returns, net of discounts referred to as “distributor allowances,” and amounts billed for shipping and handling costs. Shipping and handling costs paid by the Company are included in cost of sales. The Company generally receives the net sales price in cash or through credit card payments at the point of sale. The Company currently presents sales taxes collected from customers on a net basis. Related royalty overrides are recorded when revenue is recognized.

Allowances for product returns, primarily in connection with the Company’s buyback program, are provided at the time the sale is recorded. This accrual is based upon historical return rates for each country and the relevant return pattern, which reflects anticipated returns to be received over a period of up to 12 months following the original sale.

Share-Based Payments

The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with FASB authoritative guidance which requires the measurement of share-based compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees for service. The Company measures share-based compensation cost at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and recognizes the expense on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite service period.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Such estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company adjusts such estimates and assumptions when facts and circumstances dictate. Illiquid credit markets, volatile equity, and foreign currency have combined to increase the uncertainty inherent in such estimates and assumptions. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from these estimates. Changes in estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods.

Currency Restrictions in Venezuela

Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in 2003 have become more restrictive and have impacted the ability of the Company’s subsidiary in Venezuela, Herbalife Venezuela, to obtain U.S. dollars in exchange for Venezuelan Bolivars, or Bolivars, at the official foreign exchange rates from the Venezuelan government and its foreign exchange commission, CADIVI. The application and approval processes have been intermittently delayed and the timing and ability to obtain U.S. dollars at the official exchange rates remains uncertain. In certain instances, the Company has made appropriate applications through CADIVI for approval to obtain U.S. dollars so that Herbalife Venezuela can pay for imported products and an annual dividend at the official exchange rate. As an alternative exchange mechanism, the Company has also participated in certain bond offerings from the Venezuelan government and from Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. or PDVSA, a Venezuelan state-owned petroleum company, where the Company effectively purchased bonds with its Bolivars and then sold the bonds for U.S. dollars. In other instances, the Company has also used alternative legal exchange mechanisms for currency exchanges, such as the legal parallel market mechanism which is discussed below and was discontinued in May 2010.

In June 2010, the Venezuelan government introduced additional regulations under a new regulated system, SITME, which is controlled by the Central Bank of Venezuela. SITME provides a mechanism to exchange Bolivars into U.S. dollars through the purchase and sale of U.S. dollar denominated bonds issued in Venezuela. However, SITME is only available in certain limited circumstances. Specifically, SITME can only be used for product purchases and is not available for other matters such as the payment of dividends. Also, SITME can only be used for amounts of up to $50,000 per day and $350,000 per month and is generally only available to the extent the applicant has not exchanged and received U.S. dollars via the CADIVI process within the previous 90 days.

Although Venezuela is an important market in the Company’s South and Central America Region, Herbalife Venezuela’s net sales represented less than 2%, 2% and 4% of the Company’s consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and its total assets represented less than 3% of the Company’s consolidated total assets as of both December 31, 2011 and 2010.

Pre-Highly Inflationary Economy in Venezuela and Herbalife Venezuela’s Cash and Cash Equivalents at December 31, 2009

During the fourth quarter of 2009, due to the currency restrictions in obtaining U.S. dollars at the official currency exchange rate and in order to mitigate the Company’s currency exchange risk in Venezuela, Herbalife Venezuela entered into a series of parallel market transactions and exchanged 105.0 million Bolivars for approximately $19.5 million U.S. dollars at an average rate of approximately 5.4 Bolivars per U.S. dollar. Also, during the fourth quarter of 2009, Herbalife Venezuela settled $13.6 million of its U.S. dollar denominated non-CADIVI registered intercompany shipment payables that were initially recorded and then subsequently remeasured at the parallel market exchange rate. The settlement of these intercompany shipment payables did not result in any net foreign exchange gains or losses recorded in the accompanying consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2009. Incremental costs of $18.8 million, related to the importation of products into Venezuela at the unfavorable parallel market exchange rate, were recorded in costs of sales in the Company’s consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2009.

As of December 31, 2009, Herbalife Venezuela’s $5.9 million U.S. dollar cash and cash equivalents residing in its U.S. dollar bank account were remeasured to Bolivars at the parallel market exchange rate of approximately 5.9 Bolivars per U.S. dollar. These remeasured cash and cash equivalents were translated at the official rate of 2.15 Bolivars per U.S. dollar and reported as $15.8 million in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009. Based on the Company’s specific facts and circumstances, U.S. GAAP required the Company to use the dividend remittance rate (the official exchange rate) for translation purposes and the parallel market exchange rate (the applicable rate at which a particular transaction could be settled), for certain remeasurement purposes. Due to the difference between the remeasurement rate and translation rate, the cash and cash equivalents relating to Herbalife Venezuela reported on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009, was $9.9 million greater than the U.S. dollar amount residing in Herbalife Venezuela’s U.S. dollar bank account and therefore did not necessarily reflect the true purchasing power of the reported U.S. dollar cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2009, Herbalife Venezuela reported cash and cash equivalents of approximately $34.2 million, of which $15.8 million was denominated in U.S. dollars and $18.4 million was denominated in Bolivars. The cash and cash equivalents were translated into the consolidated financial statements at the official exchange rate, which was the rate applicable for dividend remittance.

 

Highly Inflationary Economy and Accounting in Venezuela

Venezuela’s inflation rate as measured using the blended National Consumer Price Index and Consumer Price Index rate exceeded a three-year cumulative inflation rate of 100% as of December 31, 2009. Accordingly, effective January 1, 2010, Venezuela was considered a highly inflationary economy. Pursuant to the highly inflationary basis of accounting under U.S. GAAP, Herbalife Venezuela changed its functional currency from the Bolivar to the U.S. dollar. Subsequent movements in the Bolivar to U.S. dollar exchange rate will impact the Company’s consolidated earnings. Prior to January 1, 2010 when the Bolivar was the functional currency, movements in the Bolivar to U.S. dollar were recorded as a component of equity through other comprehensive income. Pursuant to highly inflationary accounting rules, the Company no longer translates Herbalife Venezuela’s financial statements as its functional currency is the U.S. dollar.

Based on relevant facts and circumstances at the applicable times, under the highly inflationary basis of accounting, the Company used the parallel market exchange rate for remeasurement purposes until the parallel market was discontinued in May 2010. On January 1, 2010, in connection with the determination that Venezuela was a highly inflationary economy, the Company remeasured Herbalife Venezuela’s opening balance sheet’s monetary assets and liabilities at the parallel market rate and recorded a non-tax deductible foreign exchange loss of $15.1 million. This charge included the $9.9 million foreign exchange loss related to Herbalife Venezuela’s U.S. dollar cash and cash equivalents that were remeasured at the parallel market rate and then translated at the official rate at December 31, 2009. Also, Herbalife Venezuela’s $34.2 million cash and cash equivalents reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009, which included U.S. dollar denominated cash, were reduced to approximately $12.5 million on January 1, 2010. However, nonmonetary assets, such as inventory, reported on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009, remained at historical cost subsequent to Venezuela becoming a highly inflationary economy. Therefore, the incremental costs related to the Company’s 2009 imported products recorded at the parallel market exchange rate negatively impacted the Company’s consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2010 by approximately $12.7 million as these products were sold during the first quarter of 2010. This amount is not tax deductible. See Note 12, Income Taxes, for additional discussion on the income tax impact related to Venezuela becoming a highly inflationary economy.

Official Exchange Rate Devaluations in Venezuela in 2011 and 2010

In early January 2010, Venezuela announced an official exchange rate devaluation of the Bolivar to an official rate of 4.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar for non-essential items and 2.6 Bolivars per U.S. dollar for essential items. The Company’s imports fall into both classifications. During 2010, because the Company used the parallel market exchange rate for remeasurement purposes until the parallel market was discontinued in May 2010 and then used the SITME rate thereafter, any U.S. dollars obtained from CADIVI at the official rate had a positive impact to the Company’s consolidated net earnings. Specifically, the Company recorded $5.8 million of foreign exchange gains to selling, general and administrative expenses within the Company’s consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2010, as a result of receiving U.S. dollars approved by CADIVI at the official exchange rate. The majority of Herbalife Venezuela’s 2010 importations were not registered with CADIVI so the official exchange rates were not available to pay for these U.S. imports. As of December 31, 2010, Herbalife Venezuela also had an outstanding intercompany dividend payable to the Company of $2.5 million, which was declared in December 2008 and registered with CADIVI and still remains outstanding as of December 31, 2011. Also, at December 31, 2010, Herbalife Venezuela had outstanding intercompany shipment payable balances of $2.6 million, primarily relating to 2010, which were registered with CADIVI and were pending CADIVI’s approval. As of December 31, 2011, $0.1 million outstanding intercompany shipment payable balances were registered with CADIVI and pending their approval.

 

In late December 2010, Venezuela announced the CADIVI official exchange rate of 2.6 Bolivars per U.S. dollar would be eliminated. The CADIVI official exchange of 4.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar is used for all essential items and non-essential items beginning January 2011. This devaluation did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company used the SITME rate of 5.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar for remeasurement purposes.

Remeasurement of Herbalife Venezuela’s Monetary Assets and Liabilities at December 31, 2011 and 2010

During the second quarter of 2010, the Company recorded a $4.0 million pre-tax ($2.6 million post-tax) net foreign exchange gain to selling, general and administrative expenses, within the Company’s consolidated statement of income, as a result of remeasuring its Bolivar denominated monetary assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2010 at the SITME rate of 5.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar as opposed to the last parallel market rate prior to the closure of the parallel market in May 2010 of 8.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar. Herbalife Venezuela’s cash and cash equivalents, primarily denominated in Bolivars, increased by $5.2 million as a result of using the SITME rate as opposed to the last quoted parallel market rate during the second quarter of 2010. During the third quarter of 2010 and thereafter, the Company continued to use the SITME rate of 5.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar to remeasure its Bolivar denominated transactions. As of December 31, 2010, the majority of Herbalife Venezuela’s net monetary Bolivar denominated assets and liabilities approximated $19.4 million which included Bolivar denominated cash and cash equivalents approximating $24.6 million, and were all remeasured at the SITME rate.

During 2011, the Company accessed the SITME market in order to exchange its Bolivars to U.S. dollars. In less frequent instances, the Company has also accessed alternative legal exchange mechanisms, to exchange Bolivars for U.S. dollars, at less favorable rates than the SITME rate, which resulted in the Company recognizing $1.2 million of losses in selling, general and administration expenses included within its consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2011. In February 2011, Herbalife Venezuela purchased U.S. dollar denominated bonds with a face value of $20 million U.S. dollars in a bond offering from PDVSA for 86 million Bolivars and then immediately sold the bonds for $15 million U.S. dollars, resulting in an average effective conversion rate of 5.7 Bolivars per U.S. dollar. The 86 million Bolivars were previously remeasured at the regulated system rate, or SITME rate, of 5.3 Bolivars per U.S. dollar and recorded as cash and cash equivalents of $16.3 million on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2010. This Bolivar to U.S. dollar conversion resulted in the Company recording a net pre-tax loss of $1.3 million U.S. dollars during the first quarter of 2011 which is included in its consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2011. The Company was unsuccessful in accessing any subsequent PDVSA bond offerings and the frequency of future bond offerings is unknown. The Company continues to remeasure its Bolivars at the published SITME rate given the limited availability of alternative exchange mechanisms and the uncertainty in the effective exchange rate for alternative exchange mechanisms.

As of December 31, 2011, Herbalife Venezuela’s net monetary assets and liabilities denominated in Bolivars was approximately $26.8 million, and included approximately $34.8 million in Bolivar denominated cash and cash equivalents. The majority of these Bolivar denominated assets and liabilities were remeasured at the SITME rate as of December 31, 2011. While the Company continues to monitor the new exchange mechanism and restrictions under SITME, there is no assurance that the Company will be able to exchange Bolivars into U.S. dollars on a timely basis. Therefore, these remeasured amounts, including cash and cash equivalents, being reported on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet using the SITME rate may not accurately represent the amount of U.S. dollars that the Company could ultimately realize.

 

Consolidation of Herbalife Venezuela

The Company plans to continue its operation in Venezuela and to import products into Venezuela despite the foreign currency constraints that exist in the country. Herbalife Venezuela will continue to apply for legal exchange mechanisms to convert its Bolivars to U.S. dollars. Despite the currency exchange restrictions in Venezuela, the Company continues to control Herbalife Venezuela and its operations. The mere existence of the exchange restrictions discussed above does not in and of itself create a presumption that this lack of exchangeability is other-than-temporary, nor does it create a presumption that an entity should deconsolidate its Venezuelan operations. Therefore, the Company continues to consolidate Herbalife Venezuela in its consolidated financial statements for U.S. GAAP purposes. The majority of Herbalife Venezuela’s Bolivar denominated assets and liabilities are currently being remeasured at the SITME rate.