14. Transformation Program

In 2021, the Company initiated a global transformation program to optimize global processes for future growth, or the Transformation Program. The Transformation Program involves the investment in certain new technologies and the realignment of infrastructure and the locations of certain functions to better support distributors and customers. The Company has incurred total pre-tax expenses of approximately $79.2 million through December 31, 2023, of which $54.2 million, $12.1 million and $12.9 million, were recognized in selling, general, and administrative expenses within its consolidated statements of income during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company expects to incur total pre-tax expenses of at least $95.0 million relating to the Transformation Program based on actual expenses incurred to date and expected future expenses. Since the Transformation Program is still ongoing and is expected to be completed in 2024, these estimated amounts are preliminary and based on Management’s estimates and actual results could differ from such estimates.