UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
Form 10-Q
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(Mark One)
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þ
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2008
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OR
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o
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition period from
to
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Commission file number: 1-32381
HERBALIFE LTD.
(Exact name of registrant as
specified in its charter)
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Cayman Islands
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98-0377871
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(State or other jurisdiction
of
incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
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P.O. Box 309GT
Ugland House, South Church Street
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
(Address of principal executive
offices) (Zip code)
(310) 410-9600
(Registrants telephone
number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated
filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of
large accelerated filer, accelerated
filer, and smaller reporting company in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated
filer þ
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Accelerated
filer o
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Non-accelerated
filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller reporting
company o
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange
Act). Yes o No þ
Number of shares of registrants common shares outstanding
as of July 31, 2008 was 63,681,162
HERBALIFE
LTD.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1.
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Financial Statements
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3
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Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets
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3
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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income
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4
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Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
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5
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Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
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6
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Item 2.
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
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19
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Item 3.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
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36
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Item 4.
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Controls and Procedures
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38
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Forward Looking Statements
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38
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
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Item 1.
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Legal Proceedings
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39
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Item 1.a.
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Risk Factors
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40
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Item 2.
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Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
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54
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Item 3.
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Defaults Upon Senior Securities
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55
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Item 4.
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Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
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55
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Item 5.
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Other Information
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55
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Item 6.
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Exhibits
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55
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Signatures and Certifications
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61
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2
PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item 1.
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FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
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HERBALIFE
LTD.
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June 30,
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December 31,
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2008
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2007
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(Unaudited)
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(In thousands, except share amounts)
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ASSETS
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CURRENT ASSETS:
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Cash and cash equivalents
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$
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162,386
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$
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187,407
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Receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,307
(2008) and $7,863 (2007)
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74,154
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58,729
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Inventories, net
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132,956
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128,648
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets
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103,370
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72,193
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Deferred income taxes
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40,280
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40,119
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Total current assets
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513,146
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487,096
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Property, at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and
amortization of $87,884 (2008) and $66,000 (2007)
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149,148
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121,027
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Deferred compensation plan assets
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19,052
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19,315
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Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization of
$1,045 (2008) and $807 (2007)
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2,232
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2,395
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Marketing related intangibles
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310,060
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310,060
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Goodwill
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111,312
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111,477
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Other assets
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26,741
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15,873
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Total assets
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$
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1,131,691
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$
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1,067,243
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
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CURRENT LIABILITIES:
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Accounts payable
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$
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42,941
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$
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35,377
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Royalty overrides
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128,736
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127,227
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Accrued compensation
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49,843
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54,067
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Accrued expenses
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122,407
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114,083
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Current portion of long-term debt
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13,592
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4,661
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Advance sales deposits
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27,843
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11,599
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Income taxes payable
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10,342
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28,604
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Total current liabilities
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395,704
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375,618
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NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES:
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Long-term debt, net of current portion
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357,259
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360,491
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Deferred compensation
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20,236
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20,233
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Deferred income taxes
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107,823
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107,584
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Other non-current liabilities
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20,862
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21,073
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Total liabilities
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901,884
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884,999
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
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SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY:
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Common shares, $0.002 par value, 500.0 million shares
authorized, 63.7 million (2008) and 64.4 million
(2007) shares issued and outstanding
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127
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129
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Paid-in-capital
in excess of par value
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192,360
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160,872
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Accumulated other comprehensive loss
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(3,796
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)
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(3,947
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)
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Retained earnings
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41,116
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25,190
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Total shareholders equity
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229,807
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182,244
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Total liabilities and shareholders equity
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$
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1,131,691
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$
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1,067,243
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See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
3
HERBALIFE
LTD.
CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
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Three Months Ended
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Six Months Ended
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June 30,
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June 30,
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June 30,
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June 30,
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2008
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2007
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2008
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2007
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(Unaudited)
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(In thousands, except per share amounts)
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Product sales
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$
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550,676
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$
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456,907
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$
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1,071,402
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$
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894,900
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Handling & freight income
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89,024
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73,193
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172,735
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143,299
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Net sales
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639,700
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530,100
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1,244,137
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1,038,199
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Cost of sales
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128,049
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111,361
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245,715
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218,644
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Gross profit
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511,651
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418,739
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998,422
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819,555
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Royalty overrides
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215,300
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188,509
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428,020
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368,769
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Selling, general & administrative expenses
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203,113
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152,157
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387,513
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301,585
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|
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Operating income
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93,238
|
|
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|
78,073
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182,889
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|
|
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149,201
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Interest expense, net
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|
3,167
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|
|
|
2,274
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|
|
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6,957
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|
|
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4,478
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
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Income before income taxes
|
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|
90,071
|
|
|
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75,799
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|
|
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175,932
|
|
|
|
144,723
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
22,991
|
|
|
|
27,690
|
|
|
|
46,485
|
|
|
|
55,434
|
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NET INCOME
|
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$
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67,080
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$
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48,109
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$
|
129,447
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$
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89,289
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Earnings per share:
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Basic
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$
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1.04
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|
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$
|
0.68
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$
|
2.01
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|
$
|
1.25
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Diluted
|
|
$
|
1.01
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|
|
$
|
0.65
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$
|
1.94
|
|
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$
|
1.20
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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Basic
|
|
|
64,282
|
|
|
|
70,616
|
|
|
|
64,301
|
|
|
|
71,180
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Diluted
|
|
|
66,110
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|
|
|
73,990
|
|
|
|
66,559
|
|
|
|
74,491
|
|
See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
4
HERBALIFE,
LTD.
|
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|
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Six Months Ended
|
|
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|
June 30,
|
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June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
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|
(Unaudited)
|
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(In thousands)
|
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CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
|
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Net income
|
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$
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129,447
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$
|
89,289
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|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
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|
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Depreciation and amortization
|
|
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22,244
|
|
|
|
17,046
|
|
Stock-based compensation expense
|
|
|
8,721
|
|
|
|
6,624
|
|
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements
|
|
|
(12,878
|
)
|
|
|
(5,201
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)
|
Amortization of discount and deferred financing costs
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
|
145
|
|
Deferred income taxes
|
|
|
586
|
|
|
|
(596
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)
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Unrealized foreign exchange gain
|
|
|
(2,876
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)
|
|
|
(1,464
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)
|
Write-off of deferred financing costs and unamortized discounts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
204
|
|
Other
|
|
|
737
|
|
|
|
71
|
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
|
|
|
|
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|
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Receivables
|
|
|
(12,719
|
)
|
|
|
3,771
|
|
Inventories
|
|
|
3,166
|
|
|
|
23,740
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
|
|
|
(24,109
|
)
|
|
|
(28,384
|
)
|
Other assets
|
|
|
(591
|
)
|
|
|
(154
|
)
|
Accounts payable
|
|
|
6,280
|
|
|
|
(5,343
|
)
|
Royalty overrides
|
|
|
(2,821
|
)
|
|
|
(5,900
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)
|
Accrued expenses and accrued compensation
|
|
|
(4,949
|
)
|
|
|
6,728
|
|
Advance sales deposits
|
|
|
15,702
|
|
|
|
(432
|
)
|
Income taxes payable
|
|
|
(4,314
|
)
|
|
|
25,193
|
|
Deferred compensation liability
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
2,440
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
121,868
|
|
|
|
127,777
|
|
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases of property
|
|
|
(37,590
|
)
|
|
|
(20,713
|
)
|
Proceeds from sale of property
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
65
|
|
Deferred compensation plan assets
|
|
|
263
|
|
|
|
(1,108
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
(37,300
|
)
|
|
|
(21,756
|
)
|
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Borrowings from long-term debt
|
|
|
40,000
|
|
|
|
100,432
|
|
Principal payments on long-term debt
|
|
|
(61,603
|
)
|
|
|
(71,990
|
)
|
Dividends paid
|
|
|
(25,586
|
)
|
|
|
(14,379
|
)
|
Share repurchases
|
|
|
(94,193
|
)
|
|
|
(138,863
|
)
|
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and sale of stock under
employee stock purchase plan
|
|
|
15,609
|
|
|
|
3,672
|
|
Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements
|
|
|
12,878
|
|
|
|
5,201
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES
|
|
|
(112,895
|
)
|
|
|
(115,927
|
)
|
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
|
|
3,306
|
|
|
|
2,627
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
|
|
|
(25,021
|
)
|
|
|
(7,279
|
)
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD
|
|
|
187,407
|
|
|
|
154,323
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF THE PERIOD
|
|
$
|
162,386
|
|
|
$
|
147,044
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH PAID FOR:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
$
|
9,535
|
|
|
$
|
6,643
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
$
|
46,501
|
|
|
$
|
38,837
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NON-CASH ACTIVITIES:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets acquired under capital leases and other long-term debt
|
|
$
|
27,295
|
|
|
$
|
1,911
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See the accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
5
HERBALIFE
LTD.
(Unaudited)
Herbalife Ltd. (and together with its subsidiaries,
Herbalife or the Company) is a leading
global network marketing company that sells weight management,
nutritional supplements, energy & fitness products and
personal care products through a network of over
1.8 million independent distributors, except in China,
where the Company currently sells its products through retail
stores and an employed sales force. The Company reports revenue
in five geographic regions: North America, which consists of the
U.S., Canada and Jamaica; Mexico and Central America, which
consists of Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama and
Dominican Republic; South America, which includes Brazil; EMEA,
which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa; and Asia
Pacific, which includes Asia, New Zealand and Australia.
The unaudited interim financial information of the Company has
been prepared in accordance with Article 10 of the
Securities and Exchange Commissions
Regulation S-X.
Accordingly, it does not include all of the information required
by generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, in the
U.S. for complete financial statements. The Companys
unaudited consolidated financial statements as of June 30,
2008, and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007, include Herbalife and all of its direct and indirect
subsidiaries. In the opinion of management, the accompanying
financial information contains all adjustments, consisting of
normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the
Companys unaudited consolidated financial statements as of
June 30, 2008, and for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 and 2007. These unaudited consolidated
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2007. Operating results for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are not
necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for
the year ending December 31, 2008.
New
Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or
FASB, issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or
SFAS, No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities An Amendment of FASB
Statement No. 133, or SFAS 161. SFAS 161
expands the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments
and hedging activities. This Statement specifically requires
entities to provide enhanced disclosures addressing the
following: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative
instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related
hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133,
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,
or SFAS 133, and its related interpretations, and
(c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items
affect an entitys financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for
fiscal years and interim periods beginning after
November 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the
potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 161 on
the Companys consolidated financial statements.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position
FAS 157-2,
or FSP
FAS 157-2.
FSP
FAS 157-2
will delay the effective date of SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurement, or SFAS 157, for all nonfinancial
assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial
statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). FSP
FAS 157-2
partially defers the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim
periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of
FSP
FAS 157-2.
The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if
any, of the application of FSP
FAS 157-2
to its nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities on its
consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141
(revised 2007), Business Combinations, or SFAS 141R,
which replaces FASB Statement No. 141. SFAS 141R
establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer
recognizes and measures in its financial statements the
identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any non
controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired.
SFAS 141R also modifies the recognition for
6
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
preacquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal
issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and
development value in purchase accounting. SFAS 141R amends
SFAS 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, to require
the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its deferred
tax benefits that are recognizable because of a business
combination either in income from continuing operations in the
period of the combination or directly in contributed capital,
depending on the circumstances. SFAS 141R also establishes
disclosure requirements which will enable users to evaluate the
nature and financial effects of the business combination.
SFAS 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the
potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 141R on
the Companys consolidated financial statements.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications were made to the prior period
financial statements to conform to current period presentation.
Long-term debt consists of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Borrowings under senior credit facility
|
|
$
|
338.3
|
|
|
$
|
357.1
|
|
Capital leases
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
Other debt
|
|
|
27.3
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
370.9
|
|
|
|
365.2
|
|
Less: current portion
|
|
|
13.6
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term portion
|
|
$
|
357.3
|
|
|
$
|
360.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On July 21, 2006, the Company entered into a
$300.0 million senior secured credit facility, comprised of
a $200.0 million term loan and a $100.0 million
revolving credit facility, with a syndicate of financial
institutions as lenders and replaced the $225.0 million
senior secured credit facility, originally entered into on
December 21, 2004. The term loan bears interest at LIBOR
plus a margin of 1.5%, or the base rate, which represents the
prime rate offered by major U.S. banks, plus a margin of
0.50%, and matures on July 21, 2013. The revolving credit
facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25%, or the
base rate, which represents the prime rate offered by major
U.S. banks, plus a margin of 0.25%, and is available until
July 21, 2012.
The Company incurred approximately $2.3 million of debt
issuance costs in connection with entering into the senior
secured credit facility in July 2006, which are being amortized
over the term of the senior secured credit facility.
On August 23, 2006, the Company borrowed
$200.0 million pursuant to the term loan under its senior
secured credit facility to fund the redemption of its
91/2% Notes
due 2011 and all amounts remaining outstanding under the old
credit facility. In September 2006, the Company prepaid
$20.0 million of its new term loan borrowings. In March
2007, the Company made another prepayment of $29.5 million
and expensed approximately $0.2 million of related
unamortized deferred financing costs. As of June 30, 2008
and December 31, 2007, the amounts outstanding under the
term loan were $147.6 million and $148.4 million,
respectively.
In September 2007, the Company and its lenders amended the
credit agreement governing the senior secured credit facility,
increasing the amount of the revolving credit facility by an
aggregate principal amount of $150.0 million to finance the
increase in the Companys share repurchase program (see
Note 11 of the notes
7
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
to unaudited consolidated financial statements for further
discussion on the share repurchase program). During 2007, the
Company borrowed an aggregate amount of $293.7 million
under the revolving credit facility to fund its share repurchase
program and paid $85.0 million of the revolving credit
facility. During the first quarter of 2008, the Company paid
$30.0 million of the revolving credit facility. In May
2008, the Company borrowed an additional $40.0 million
under the revolving credit facility to fund its share repurchase
program and in June 2008 paid $28.0 million of the
revolving credit facility. As of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007, the amounts outstanding under the
revolving credit facility were $190.7 million and
$208.7 million, respectively.
Through the course of conducting regular operations, certain
vendors may require letters of credit to be issued in order to
secure insurance policies or goods that are purchased. As of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had
no outstanding letters of credit.
The Company is from time to time engaged in routine litigation.
The Company regularly reviews all pending litigation matters in
which it is involved and establishes reserves deemed appropriate
by management for these litigation matters when a probable loss
estimate can be made.
Herbalife International and certain of its independent
distributors have been named as defendants in a purported class
action lawsuit filed February 17, 2005, in the Superior
Court of California, County of San Francisco, and served on
Herbalife International on March 14, 2005
(Minton v. Herbalife International, et al). The case
was transferred to the Los Angeles County Superior Court. The
plaintiff is challenging the marketing practices of certain
Herbalife International independent distributors and Herbalife
International under various state laws prohibiting endless
chain schemes, insufficient disclosure in assisted
marketing plans, unfair and deceptive business practices, and
fraud and deceit. The plaintiff alleges that the Freedom Group
system operated by certain independent distributors of Herbalife
International products places too much emphasis on recruiting
and encourages excessively large purchases of product and
promotional materials by distributors. The plaintiff also
alleges that Freedom Group pressured distributors to disseminate
misleading promotional materials. The plaintiff seeks to hold
Herbalife International vicariously liable for the actions of
its independent distributors and is seeking damages and
injunctive relief. On January 24, 2007, the Superior Court
denied class certification of all claims, except for the claim
under California law prohibiting endless chain
schemes. That claim was granted California class
certification, provided that class counsel is able to substitute
in as a plaintiff a California resident with claims typical of
the class. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses
to the suit.
Herbalife International and certain of its distributors were
defendants in a class action lawsuit filed July 16, 2003,
in the Circuit Court of Ohio County in the State of West
Virginia (Mey v. Herbalife International, Inc., et
al). The complaint alleged that certain telemarketing
practices of certain Herbalife International distributors
violated the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, or TCPA, and
sought to hold Herbalife International vicariously liable for
the practices of its independent distributors. More
specifically, the plaintiffs complaint alleged that
several of Herbalife Internationals distributors used
pre-recorded telephone messages and faxes to contact prospective
customers in violation of the TCPAs prohibition of such
practices. Without in any way acknowledging liability or
wrongdoing by the Company or its independent distributors, the
Company and the other defendants have reached a binding
settlement with the plaintiffs. Under the terms of the
settlement, the defendants collectively paid $7 million
into a fund to be distributed to qualifying class members. The
relevant amount paid by the Company was previously fully
reserved in the Companys financial statements. The
settlement received the final approval of the Court in January
2008.
As a marketer of dietary and nutritional supplements and other
products that are ingested by consumers or applied to their
bodies, the Company has been and is currently subjected to
various product liability claims. The effects of these claims to
date have not been material to the Company, and the reasonably
possible range of exposure on currently existing claims is not
material to the Company. The Company believes that it has
meritorious defenses
8
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
to the allegations contained in the lawsuits. The Company
currently maintains product liability insurance with an annual
deductible of $10 million.
Certain of the Companys subsidiaries have been subject to
tax audits by governmental authorities in their respective
countries. In certain of these tax audits, governmental
authorities are proposing that significant amounts of additional
taxes and related interest and penalties are due. The Company
and its tax advisors believe that there are substantial defenses
to their allegations that additional taxes are owed, and the
Company is vigorously contesting the additional proposed taxes
and related charges.
These matters may take several years to resolve, and the Company
cannot be sure of their ultimate resolution. However, it is the
opinion of management that adverse outcomes, if any, will not
likely result in a material adverse effect on the Companys
financial condition and operating results. This opinion is based
on the belief that any losses suffered in excess of amounts
reserved would not be material, and that the Company has
meritorious defenses. Although the Company has reserved an
amount that the Company believes represents the most likely
outcome of the resolution of these disputes, if the Company is
incorrect in the assessment the Company may have to record
additional expenses.
Total comprehensive income consisted of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
67.1
|
|
|
$
|
48.1
|
|
|
$
|
129.4
|
|
|
$
|
89.3
|
|
Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
(0.1
|
)
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment
|
|
|
(0.7
|
)
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive income
|
|
$
|
67.2
|
|
|
$
|
49.2
|
|
|
$
|
129.6
|
|
|
$
|
90.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company is a global network marketing company that sells a
wide range of weight management products, nutritional
supplements, energy and fitness products and personal care
products within one industry segment as defined under
SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information. The Companys
products are primarily manufactured by third party providers and
then sold to independent distributors who sell Herbalife
products to retail consumers or other distributors.
The Company sells products in 66 countries throughout the world
and is organized and managed by geographic regions. The Company
aggregates its operating segments into one reporting segment, as
management believes that the Companys operating segments
have similar operating characteristics and similar long term
operating performance. In making this determination, management
believes that the operating segments are similar in the nature
of the products sold, the product acquisition process, the types
of customers products are sold to, the methods used to
distribute the products, and the nature of the regulatory
environment.
Revenues reflect sales of products to distributors based on the
distributors geographic location.
9
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
In late 2007, the Company changed its geographic regions from
seven to five regions as part of the Companys on-going
Realignment for Growth plan. This updated regional structure
allows the Company to better support the distributor leadership
and enhance synergies within the regions. Historical information
presented related to the Companys geographic regions has
been reclassified to conform with its current geographic
presentation. The Companys reporting segments
operating information and sales by product line are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Net Sales:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
127.7
|
|
|
$
|
108.1
|
|
|
$
|
241.7
|
|
|
$
|
207.8
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
102.7
|
|
|
|
94.7
|
|
|
|
196.3
|
|
|
|
188.7
|
|
Others
|
|
|
409.3
|
|
|
|
327.3
|
|
|
|
806.1
|
|
|
|
641.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales
|
|
$
|
639.7
|
|
|
$
|
530.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,244.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,038.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating Margin(1):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
53.5
|
|
|
$
|
41.3
|
|
|
$
|
100.7
|
|
|
$
|
74.2
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
43.3
|
|
|
|
39.3
|
|
|
|
82.1
|
|
|
|
76.5
|
|
Others
|
|
|
199.6
|
|
|
|
149.7
|
|
|
|
387.6
|
|
|
|
300.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Operating Margin
|
|
$
|
296.4
|
|
|
$
|
230.3
|
|
|
$
|
570.4
|
|
|
$
|
450.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
203.1
|
|
|
|
152.2
|
|
|
|
387.5
|
|
|
|
301.6
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
|
7.0
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
|
|
90.1
|
|
|
|
75.8
|
|
|
|
175.9
|
|
|
|
144.7
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
23.0
|
|
|
|
27.7
|
|
|
|
46.5
|
|
|
|
55.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Income
|
|
$
|
67.1
|
|
|
$
|
48.1
|
|
|
$
|
129.4
|
|
|
$
|
89.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Total Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States
|
|
$
|
619.6
|
|
|
$
|
668.6
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
77.3
|
|
|
|
62.3
|
|
Others
|
|
|
434.8
|
|
|
|
336.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Assets
|
|
$
|
1,131.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,067.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Net sales by product line:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weight Management
|
|
$
|
405.2
|
|
|
$
|
338.9
|
|
|
$
|
786.0
|
|
|
$
|
659.6
|
|
Targeted Nutrition
|
|
|
130.5
|
|
|
|
105.2
|
|
|
|
256.1
|
|
|
|
208.1
|
|
Energy and Fitness
|
|
|
26.5
|
|
|
|
22.4
|
|
|
|
50.5
|
|
|
|
42.8
|
|
Outer Nutrition
|
|
|
39.3
|
|
|
|
34.1
|
|
|
|
79.5
|
|
|
|
70.6
|
|
Literature, promotional and other(2)
|
|
|
38.2
|
|
|
|
29.5
|
|
|
|
72.0
|
|
|
|
57.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales
|
|
$
|
639.7
|
|
|
$
|
530.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,244.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,038.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales by geographic region:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America(3)
|
|
$
|
133.2
|
|
|
$
|
113.9
|
|
|
$
|
251.8
|
|
|
$
|
218.4
|
|
Mexico and Central America(4)
|
|
|
107.4
|
|
|
|
97.9
|
|
|
|
205.0
|
|
|
|
193.8
|
|
South America(5)
|
|
|
94.0
|
|
|
|
64.1
|
|
|
|
196.0
|
|
|
|
125.0
|
|
EMEA(6)
|
|
|
159.9
|
|
|
|
146.0
|
|
|
|
317.9
|
|
|
|
289.2
|
|
Asia Pacific(7)
|
|
|
145.2
|
|
|
|
108.2
|
|
|
|
273.4
|
|
|
|
211.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Net Sales
|
|
$
|
639.7
|
|
|
$
|
530.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,244.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,038.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Operating margin consists of net sales less cost of sales and
royalty overrides. |
|
(2) |
|
Product buybacks and returns in all product categories are
included in the literature, promotional and other category. |
|
(3) |
|
Consists of the U.S., Canada and Jamaica. |
|
(4) |
|
Consists of Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama and
Dominican Republic. |
|
(5) |
|
Includes Brazil. |
|
(6) |
|
Includes Europe, Middle East and Africa. |
|
(7) |
|
Includes Asia, New Zealand and Australia. |
|
|
7.
|
Stock
Based Compensation
|
The Company has five stock-based compensation plans, the WH
Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. Stock Incentive Plan, or the
Management Plan, the WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd.
Independent Directors Stock Incentive Plan, or the Independent
Directors Plan, the Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, or
the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, the Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock
Incentive Plan, or the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, and the
Herbalife Ltd. Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and
Stock Unit Plan, or the Independent Director Stock Unit Plan.
The Management Plan provides for the grant of options to
purchase common shares of Herbalife to members of the
Companys management. The Independent Directors Plan
provides for the grant of options to purchase common shares of
Herbalife to the Companys independent directors. The 2004
Stock Incentive Plan replaced the Management Plan and the
Independent Directors Plan and after the adoption thereof, no
additional awards were made under either the Management Plan or
the Independent Directors Plan. However, the shares remaining
available for issuance under these plans were absorbed by and
became available for issuance under the 2004 Stock Incentive
Plan. The terms of the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan are
substantially similar to the terms of the 2004 Stock Incentive
Plan. The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of
4,000,000 common shares pursuant to awards, plus any shares that
remained available for issuance under the 2004 Stock Incentive
Plan at the time of the
11
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
adoption of the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan. The purpose of the
Independent Directors Stock Unit Plan is to facilitate equity
ownership in the Company by its independent directors through
the award of stock units and to allow for deferral by the
independent directors of compensation realized in connection
with such stock units.
The Company records compensation expense over the requisite
service period which is equal to the vesting period. For awards
granted prior to January 1, 2006, compensation expense is
recognized on a graded-vesting basis over the vesting term. For
awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, compensation
expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting
term. Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling,
general and administrative expenses in the consolidated
statements of income. For the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, stock-based compensation expenses amounted
to $3.6 million and $8.7 million, respectively, and
the related income tax benefits recognized in earnings amounted
to $1.3 million and $3.2 million, respectively. For
the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, stock-based
compensation expenses amounted to $3.1 million and
$6.6 million, respectively, and the related income tax
benefits recognized in earnings amounted to $1.2 million
and $2.5 million, respectively.
As of June 30, 2008, the total unrecognized compensation
cost related to non-vested stock awards was $61.5 million
and the related weighted-average period over which it is
expected to be recognized is approximately 1.9 years.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, excess
tax benefits of $2.3 million and $13.4 million,
respectively, were generated from option exercises. For the
three and six months ended June 30, 2007, excess tax
benefits of $4.1 million and $5.4 million,
respectively, were generated from option exercises.
The Companys stock-based compensation plans provide for
grants of stock options, stock appreciation rights, or SARS, and
stock units, which are collectively referred to herein as
awards. Stock options typically vest quarterly over a five-year
period beginning on the grant date, and certain stock option
grants vest over a period of less than five years. Certain SARS
vest quarterly over a five-year period beginning on the grant
date. Other SARS vest annually over a three-year period. The
contractual term of stock options and SARS is ten years. Stock
unit awards under the 2005 Incentive Plan, or Incentive Plan
Stock Units, vest annually over a three year period which is
equal to the contractual term. Stock units awarded under the
Independent Directors Stock Unit Plan, or Independent Director
Stock Units, vest at a rate of 25% on each January 15,
April 15, July 15 and October 15. In March 2008, the
Company granted stock unit awards to its Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer, which vest over a four-year period at a rate
of 30% during each of the first three years and 10% during the
fourth year. Unless otherwise determined at the time of grant,
the value of each stock unit shall be equal to one common share
of Herbalife. The Companys stock compensation awards
outstanding as of June 30, 2008 include stock options,
SARS, and stock units.
In March 2008, the Company granted SARS with market conditions
to its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer which will fully
vest at the end of four years subject to his continued
employment through that date and the achievement of certain
conditions related to the market value of the Companys
common shares. The market conditions include targets for stock
price appreciation of both a 10% and a 15% compound annual
growth rate. The fair value of the SARS with market conditions
is estimated on the date of the grant using the Monte Carlo
lattice model.
With the exception of awards with market conditions, the fair
value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model based on the
assumptions in the following tables. The expected term of the
award is based on the simple average of the average vesting
period and the life of the award because of the limited
historical data. All groups of employees have been determined to
have similar historical exercise patterns for valuation
purposes. The expected volatility of stock awards is primarily
based upon the historical volatility of the Companys
common shares and, due to the limited period of public trading
data for its common shares, it is also validated against the
volatility rates of a peer group of companies. The risk free
interest rate is based on the implied yield on a
U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issue with a remaining term equal
to the expected
12
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
term of the award. The dividend yield reflects that the Company
has not historically paid regular cash dividends from inception
to the first quarter of 2007. Dividends paid by the predecessor
company in 2002 and prior and special dividends paid in 2004 in
connection with the Companys initial public offering have
been excluded from the calculation. Commencing in the second
quarter of 2007, the board of directors approved a regular
quarterly dividend program and the Company declared a $0.20 per
share cash dividend for each of the succeeding quarters.
However, there is no guarantee that the board of directors will
not terminate the quarterly dividend program.
There were no stock options granted during the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. The following table
summarizes the weighted average assumptions used in the
calculation of fair market value for SARS and stock units
granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
and 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incentive Plan
|
|
|
Independent Directors
|
|
|
|
SARS
|
|
|
Stock Units
|
|
|
Stock Units
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
39.59
|
%
|
|
|
41.23
|
%
|
|
|
39.6
|
%
|
|
|
41.20
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends yield
|
|
|
1.7
|
%
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected term
|
|
|
5.6 years
|
|
|
|
6.2 years
|
|
|
|
3.0 years
|
|
|
|
2.5 years
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
|
2.74
|
%
|
|
|
4.82
|
%
|
|
|
2.63
|
%
|
|
|
4.83
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incentive Plan
|
|
|
Independent Directors
|
|
|
|
SARS
|
|
|
Stock Units
|
|
|
Stock Units
|
|
|
|
Six Months
|
|
|
Six Months
|
|
|
Six Months
|
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Expected volatility
|
|
|
39.50
|
%
|
|
|
41.23
|
%
|
|
|
39.48
|
%
|
|
|
41.20
|
%
|
|
|
39.73
|
%
|
|
|
41.82
|
%
|
Dividends yield
|
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
|
|
2.0
|
%
|
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
zero
|
|
|
|
zero
|
|
Expected term
|
|
|
5.8 years
|
|
|
|
6.2 years
|
|
|
|
2.8 years
|
|
|
|
2.5 years
|
|
|
|
3.0 years
|
|
|
|
3.0 years
|
|
Risk-free interest rate
|
|
|
2.60
|
%
|
|
|
4.82
|
%
|
|
|
1.99
|
%
|
|
|
4.83
|
%
|
|
|
2.49
|
%
|
|
|
5.00
|
%
|
The following tables summarize the activity under the
stock-based compensation plans for the six months ended
June 30, 2008:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Remaining
|
|
|
Aggregate
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise
|
|
|
Contractual
|
|
|
Intrinsic
|
|
Stock Options & SARS
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Price
|
|
|
Term
|
|
|
Value
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
8,159
|
|
|
$
|
20.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
1,828
|
|
|
|
46.34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
|
|
(1,287
|
)
|
|
|
13.65
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited
|
|
|
(1,007
|
)
|
|
|
32.79
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at June 30, 2008
|
|
|
7,693
|
|
|
$
|
26.50
|
|
|
|
6.8 years
|
|
|
$
|
106.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at June 30, 2008
|
|
|
3,752
|
|
|
$
|
18.40
|
|
|
|
5.7 years
|
|
|
$
|
76.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average
|
|
|
Aggregate
|
|
Incentive Plan and Independent Directors Stock Units
|
|
Shares
|
|
|
Grant Date Fair Value
|
|
|
Fair Value
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Outstanding and nonvested at December 31, 2007
|
|
|
273.9
|
|
|
$
|
38.40
|
|
|
$
|
10.5
|
|
Granted
|
|
|
495.8
|
|
|
|
45.43
|
|
|
|
22.5
|
|
Vested
|
|
|
(82.4
|
)
|
|
|
36.76
|
|
|
|
(3.0
|
)
|
Cancelled
|
|
|
(143.8
|
)
|
|
|
46.07
|
|
|
|
(6.6
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding and nonvested at June 30, 2008
|
|
|
543.5
|
|
|
$
|
43.03
|
|
|
$
|
23.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock awards
granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
was $23.64 and $21.97, respectively. The total intrinsic value
of stock awards exercised during the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 was $7.5 million and $40.4 million,
respectively.
Employee
Stock Purchase Plan
During 2007, the Company adopted a qualified employee stock
purchase plan, or ESPP, which was implemented during the first
quarter of 2008. In connection with the adoption of the ESPP,
the Company has reserved for issuance a total of 1 million
common shares. Under the terms of the ESPP, rights to purchase
common shares may be granted to eligible qualified employees
subject to certain restrictions. The ESPP enables the
Companys eligible employees, through payroll withholdings,
to purchase a limited number of common shares at 85% of the fair
market value of a common share at the purchase date. Purchases
are made on a quarterly basis.
As of June 30, 2008, the total amount of unrecognized tax
benefits, related interest and penalties was $42.6 million,
$9.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively. During
the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company recorded
tax, interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions
of $3.4 million, $1.0 million and $0.6 million,
respectively. The unrecognized tax benefits relate primarily to
uncertainties from international transfer pricing issues and the
deductibility of certain operating expenses in various
jurisdictions. If the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits
was recognized, $36.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits,
$9.0 million of interest and $3.8 million of
penalties, would impact the effective tax rate and
$6.2 million would result in an increase to goodwill.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company
benefited from the terms of a tax holiday in the Peoples
Republic of China. The tax holiday commenced on January 1,
2008 and will terminate on December 31, 2012. Under the
terms of the holiday, the Company is subject to a zero tax rate
in China during the 2008 and 2009 years and a concessionary
tax rate in China for the remaining years included in the
holiday period.
|
|
9.
|
Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities
|
Interest
Rate Risk Management
The Company engages in an interest rate hedging strategy for
which the hedged transactions are forecasted interest payments
on the Companys variable rate term loan. The hedged risk
is the variability of forecasted interest rate cash flows, where
the hedging strategy involves the purchase of interest rate
swaps. For the outstanding cash flow hedges on interest rate
exposures at June 30, 2008 the maximum length of time over
which the Company is hedging these exposures is less than two
years.
Under its senior secured credit facility, the Company is
obligated to enter into interest rate hedges for up to 25% of
the aggregate principal amount of the term loan for a minimum of
three years. On August 23, 2006, the
14
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement. The
agreement provides for the Company to pay interest for a
three-year period at a fixed rate of 5.26% on various notional
amounts while receiving interest for the same period at the
LIBOR rate on the same notional principal amounts. The swap has
been designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability in
LIBOR interest rate on the new term loan at LIBOR plus 1.50%,
thereby fixing the Companys effective rate on the notional
amounts at 6.76%. The Company formally assesses, both at
inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the
derivatives used in hedging transactions are effective in
offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged item. As of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the hedge
relationship qualified as an effective hedge under
SFAS 133, Consequently, all changes in the fair value of
the derivative are deferred and recorded in other comprehensive
income until the related forecasted transaction is recognized in
the consolidated statements of income. The fair value of the
interest rate swap agreement is based on third-party bank quotes
and the Company recorded the interest rate swap as a liability
at fair value of $1.3 million and $1.4 million as of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Foreign
Currency Instruments
The Company also designates certain derivatives, such as foreign
currency forward and option contracts, as freestanding
derivatives for which hedge accounting does not apply. The
changes in the fair market value of the derivatives are included
in selling, general and administrative expenses in the
Companys consolidated statements of income. The Company
uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge
foreign-currency-denominated intercompany transactions and to
partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.
The Company also uses foreign currency option contracts to
partially mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations.
The fair value of the forward and option contracts are based on
third-party bank quotes. As of June 30, 2008, all of the
Companys outstanding foreign exchange forward and option
contracts have maturity dates of less than one year. See
Part I, Item 3 Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in this Quarterly
Report on
Form 10-Q
for foreign currency instruments outstanding as of June 30,
2008.
|
|
10.
|
Restructuring
Reserve
|
In July 2006, the Company initiated the realignment of its
employee base as part of the first phase of its Realignment for
Growth plan and during the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company
initiated the second phase of its Realignment for Growth plan.
In connection therewith, the Company recorded $1.4 million
and $1.8 million of professional fees, severance and
related costs for the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively. For the three and six months ended
June 30, 2007, the Company recorded expenses related to the
Realignment for Growth plan of $0.2 million and
$1.7 million, respectively. All such amounts were included
in selling, general and administrative expenses.
The Company expects to complete the second phase of the
Realignment for Growth plan in 2008 and estimates that the
corresponding severance and related cost that will be incurred
for the full 2008 fiscal year will be approximately
$3.0 million to $5.0 million.
The following table summarizes the components of this reserve as
of June 30, 2008 (in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retention
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Severance
|
|
|
Benefits
|
|
|
Others
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Balance as of December 31, 2007
|
|
$
|
2.9
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.6
|
|
|
$
|
3.5
|
|
Charges
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
Cash payments
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance as of June 30, 2008
|
|
$
|
0.2
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.2
|
|
|
$
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
Dividends
During the second quarter of 2007, the Companys board of
directors adopted a regular quarterly cash dividend program. On
January 31, 2008, the Companys board of directors
approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common share in
an aggregate amount of $12.9 million, for the fourth
quarter of 2007 that was paid to shareholders of record on
March 14, 2008. On May 1, 2008, the Companys
board of directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20
per common share in an aggregate amount of $12.7 million,
for the first quarter of 2008 that was paid to shareholders of
record on June 13, 2008.
Share
Repurchases
On April 18, 2007, the Companys board of directors
authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of the
Companys common shares during the next two years, at such
times and prices as determined by Company management, as market
conditions warrant. On August 23, 2007, the Companys
board of directors approved an increase of $150 million to
the share repurchase program raising the total value of Company
common shares authorized to be repurchased to $450 million.
During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, the Company
repurchased approximately 0.4 million of its common shares
through open market purchases at an aggregate cost of
$17.7 million or an average cost of $39.28 per share. On
May 20, 2008, the Companys board of directors
approved an additional increase of $150 million to the
share repurchase program raising the total value of Company
common shares authorized to be repurchased to $600 million.
During the quarter ended, June 30, 2008, the Company
repurchased approximately 1.8 million of its common shares
through open market purchases at an aggregate cost of
$76.5 million or an average cost of $43.23 per share. Since
the inception of the share repurchase program, the Company
repurchased approximately 11.3 million of its common shares
at an aggregate cost of $460.0 million or an average cost
of $40.82 per share.
The aggregate purchase price of the common shares repurchased
was reflected as a reduction to shareholders equity. The
Company allocated the purchase price of the repurchased shares
as a reduction to retained earnings, common shares and
additional
paid-in-capital.
Basic earnings per share represents net income for the period
common shares were outstanding, divided by the weighted average
number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted
earnings per share represents net income divided by the weighted
average number of shares outstanding, inclusive of the effect of
dilutive securities such as outstanding stock options, SARS,
stock units and warrants.
The following are the share amounts used to compute the basic
and diluted earnings per share for each period (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Three Months
|
|
|
For the Six Months
|
|
|
|
Ended June 30,
|
|
|
Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in basic computations
|
|
|
64,282
|
|
|
|
70,616
|
|
|
|
64,301
|
|
|
|
71,180
|
|
Dilutive effect of exercise of equity grants outstanding
|
|
|
1,633
|
|
|
|
3,103
|
|
|
|
2,064
|
|
|
|
3,047
|
|
Dilutive effect of warrants
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
|
271
|
|
|
|
194
|
|
|
|
264
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares used in diluted computations
|
|
|
66,110
|
|
|
|
73,990
|
|
|
|
66,559
|
|
|
|
74,491
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity grants, such as stock options, SARS or stock units, to
purchase or acquire 1.4 million common shares were
outstanding during the three and six months ended June 30,
2008 but were not included in the computation of
16
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
diluted earnings per share because the option exercise prices
were greater than the average market price of a common share and
therefore such options would be anti-dilutive. Equity grants,
such as stock options, SARS or stock units, to purchase or
acquire 0.9 million and 1.1 million common shares were
outstanding during the three and six months ended June 30,
2007, respectively, but were considered anti-dilutive and were
not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share.
|
|
13.
|
Fair
Value Measurement
|
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, which defines
fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in
accordance with GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value
measurements. The provisions of SFAS 157 are effective for
fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. In February
2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position,
FAS 157-1,
or FSP
FAS 157-1.
FSP 157-1
amends SFAS 157 to exclude SFAS 13, Accounting for
Leases, and its related interpretive accounting
pronouncements that address leasing transactions. On
January 1, 2008, the Company adopted the provisions of
SFAS 157 related to its financial assets and liabilities,
except as it applies to those nonfinancial assets and
nonfinancial liabilities as noted in FSP
FAS 157-2.
The adoption did not have a material impact on the
Companys consolidated financial statements.
SFAS 157, defines fair value as the price that would be
received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an
orderly transaction between market participants at the
measurement date (exit price). SFAS 157 establishes a fair
value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring
fair value into three broad levels as follows:
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting
entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets or
liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or
similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active,
inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the
asset or liability and inputs that are derived principally from
or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or
other means.
Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or
liability.
The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair
value as discussed throughout the notes to its consolidated
financial statements. Assets or liabilities that have recurring
measurements and are measured at fair value are shown below:
Fair
Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in Active
|
|
|
Significant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Markets for
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
Significant
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identical
|
|
|
Observable
|
|
|
Unobservable
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
Assets/Liabilities
|
|
|
Inputs
|
|
|
Inputs
|
|
Description
|
|
2008
|
|
|
(Level 1)
|
|
|
(Level 2)
|
|
|
(Level 3)
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Financial Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency option contracts
|
|
$
|
1.4
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1.4
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total financial assets
|
|
$
|
1.4
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
1.4
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financial Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency forward contracts
|
|
$
|
(4.6
|
)
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(4.6
|
)
|
|
$
|
|
|
Interest rate swap
|
|
|
(1.3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1.3
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total financial liabilities
|
|
$
|
(5.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(5.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
HERBALIFE
LTD.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
In January 2008, the Company adopted SFAS No. 159,
The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities, or SFAS 159, which permits entities to
choose to measure many financial instruments, and certain other
items, at fair value. SFAS 159 also establishes
presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate
comparisons between entities that choose different measurement
attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. The
adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on the
Companys consolidated financial statements.
On August 5, 2008, the Company announced that its board of
directors has authorized a $0.20 per common share cash dividend
for the second quarter of 2008, payable on September 10,
2008 to shareholders of record on August 27, 2008.
18
|
|
Item 2.
|
Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
|
Overview
Herbalife is a global network marketing company that sells
weight management products, nutritional supplements,
energy & fitness products and personal care products.
We pursue our mission of changing peoples
lives by providing a financially rewarding business
opportunity to distributors and quality products to distributors
and their customers who seek a healthy lifestyle. We are one of
the largest network marketing companies in the world with net
sales of approximately $2.1 billion for the year ended
December 31, 2007. As of June 30, 2008, we sell our
products in 66 countries through a network of over
1.8 million independent distributors except in China, where
we sell our products through retail stores and an employed sales
force. We believe the quality of our products and the
effectiveness of our distribution network, coupled with
geographic expansion, have been the primary reasons for our
success throughout our
28-year
operating history. Unless otherwise noted, the terms
we, our, us,
Company and Herbalife refer to Herbalife
Ltd. and its subsidiaries.
Our products are grouped in four principal categories: weight
management, targeted nutrition, energy & fitness and
Outer Nutrition. Our products are often sold in programs that
are comprised of a series of related products designed to
simplify weight management and nutrition for consumers and
maximize our distributors cross-selling opportunities.
Industry-wide factors that affect us and our competitors include
the increasing prevalence of obesity and the aging of the
worldwide population, which are driving demand for nutrition and
wellness-related products and the recruitment and retention of
distributors.
The opportunities and challenges upon which we are most focused
are: retailing of our products, recruitment and retention of
distributors, improving distributor productivity, entering new
markets, further penetrating existing markets including China,
globalizing successful distributor methods of operation such as
Nutrition Clubs, introducing new products, developing niche
market segments and further investing in our infrastructure.
In late 2007, we changed our geographic regions from seven to
five regions as part of our on-going Realignment for Growth
plan. This updated regional structure allows us to better
support the distributor leadership and enhance synergies within
the regions. Under the new geographic regions, we report revenue
from:
|
|
|
|
|
North America, which consists of the U.S., Canada and Jamaica;
|
|
|
|
Mexico and Central America, which consists of Mexico, Costa
Rica, El Salvador, Panama and Dominican Republic;
|
|
|
|
South America, which includes Brazil;
|
|
|
|
EMEA, which includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa; and
|
|
|
|
Asia Pacific, which includes Asia, New Zealand and Australia.
|
Historical information presented in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
relating to our geographic regions has been reclassified to
conform with our current geographic presentation.
19
Volume
Points by Geographic Region
A key non-financial measure we focus on is Volume Points on a
Royalty Basis, or Volume Points, which is essentially our
weighted unit measure of product sales volume. It is a useful
measure for us, as it excludes the impact of foreign currency
fluctuations and ignores the differences generated by varying
retail pricing across geographic markets. In general, an
increase in Volume Points in a particular geographic region or
country indicates an increase in local currency net sales.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
% Change
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
% Change
|
|
|
|
(Volume points in millions)
|
|
|
North America
|
|
|
205.3
|
|
|
|
175.1
|
|
|
|
17.2
|
%
|
|
|
383.4
|
|
|
|
337.3
|
|
|
|
13.7
|
%
|
Mexico & Central America
|
|
|
161.7
|
|
|
|
155.2
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
%
|
|
|
316.4
|
|
|
|
310.0
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
%
|
South America
|
|
|
102.3
|
|
|
|
90.5
|
|
|
|
13.0
|
%
|
|
|
214.5
|
|
|
|
173.6
|
|
|
|
23.6
|
%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
129.0
|
|
|
|
136.5
|
|
|
|
(5.5
|
)%
|
|
|
266.1
|
|
|
|
276.9
|
|
|
|
(3.9
|
)%
|
Asia Pacific
|
|
|
143.8
|
|
|
|
113.7
|
|
|
|
26.5
|
%
|
|
|
270.8
|
|
|
|
223.9
|
|
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide
|
|
|
742.1
|
|
|
|
671.0
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
%
|
|
|
1,451.2
|
|
|
|
1,321.7
|
|
|
|
9.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of
New Sales Leaders by Geographic Region during the Reporting
Period
Another key non-financial measure on which we focus is the
number of distributors qualified as new sales leaders under our
compensation system. Excluding China, distributors qualify for
supervisor status based on their Volume Points. The growth in
the number of new sales leaders is a general indicator of the
level of distributor recruitment, which generally drives net
sales in a particular country or geographic region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
% Change
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
% Change
|
|
|
North America
|
|
|
13,129
|
|
|
|
11,963
|
|
|
|
9.7
|
%
|
|
|
22,139
|
|
|
|
20,971
|
|
|
|
5.6
|
%
|
Mexico & Central America
|
|
|
8,643
|
|
|
|
9,740
|
|
|
|
(11.3
|
)%
|
|
|
16,287
|
|
|
|
16,921
|
|
|
|
(3.7
|
)%
|
South America
|
|
|
12,697
|
|
|
|
11,374
|
|
|
|
11.6
|
%
|
|
|
25,188
|
|
|
|
20,251
|
|
|
|
24.4
|
%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
8,522
|
|
|
|
9,079
|
|
|
|
(6.1
|
)%
|
|
|
15,055
|
|
|
|
16,721
|
|
|
|
(10.0
|
)%
|
Asia Pacific (excluding China)
|
|
|
11,367
|
|
|
|
10,311
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
%
|
|
|
20,144
|
|
|
|
19,665
|
|
|
|
2.4
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total New Supervisors
|
|
|
54,358
|
|
|
|
52,467
|
|
|
|
3.6
|
%
|
|
|
98,813
|
|
|
|
94,529
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
%
|
New China Sales Employees
|
|
|
7,867
|
|
|
|
3,645
|
|
|
|
115.8
|
%
|
|
|
12,217
|
|
|
|
5,809
|
|
|
|
110.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide Total New Sales Leaders
|
|
|
62,225
|
|
|
|
56,112
|
|
|
|
10.9
|
%
|
|
|
111,030
|
|
|
|
100,338
|
|
|
|
10.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20
Number of
Supervisors and Retention Rates by Geographic Region as of
Requalification Period
Our compensation system requires each supervisor to re-qualify
for such status each year, prior to February, in order to
maintain their 50% discount on product and be eligible to
receive royalty payments. In February of each year, we demote
from the rank of supervisor those distributors who did not
satisfy the supervisor re-qualification requirements during the
preceding twelve months. The re-qualification requirement does
not apply to new supervisors (i.e. those who became supervisors
subsequent to the January re-qualification of the prior year).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supervisor Statistics (Excluding China)
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
January 1 total supervisors
|
|
|
451.6
|
|
|
|
400.6
|
|
January & February new supervisors
|
|
|
28.6
|
|
|
|
26.7
|
|
Demoted supervisors (did not requalify)
|
|
|
(167.7
|
)
|
|
|
(135.9
|
)
|
Other supervisors (resigned, etc)
|
|
|
(2.8
|
)
|
|
|
(1.4
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of February total supervisors
|
|
|
309.7
|
|
|
|
290.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The distributor statistics below further highlight the
calculation for retention.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supervisor Retention (Excluding China)
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(In thousands)
|
|
|
Supervisors needed to requalify
|
|
|
284.0
|
|
|
|
236.2
|
|
Demoted supervisors (did not requalify)
|
|
|
(167.7
|
)
|
|
|
(135.9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total requalified
|
|
|
116.3
|
|
|
|
100.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retention rate
|
|
|
41.0
|
%
|
|
|
42.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The table below reflects the number of sales leaders as of
February (subsequent to the annual re-qualification date) and
supervisor retention rate by year and by region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supervisor Retention
|
|
|
|
Number of Sales Leaders
|
|
|
Rate
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
North America
|
|
|
64,383
|
|
|
|
54,314
|
|
|
|
43.5
|
%
|
|
|
43.1
|
%
|
Mexico & Central America
|
|
|
62,418
|
|
|
|
62,683
|
|
|
|
44.4
|
%
|
|
|
55.2
|
%
|
South America
|
|
|
66,075
|
|
|
|
51,302
|
|
|
|
34.4
|
%
|
|
|
32.9
|
%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
59,446
|
|
|
|
64,862
|
|
|
|
46.6
|
%
|
|
|
46.2
|
%
|
Asia Pacific (excluding China)
|
|
|
57,355
|
|
|
|
56,871
|
|
|
|
34.3
|
%
|
|
|
35.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Supervisors
|
|
|
309,677
|
|
|
|
290,032
|
|
|
|
41.0
|
%
|
|
|
42.5
|
%
|
China Sales Employees
|
|
|
25,294
|
|
|
|
8,759
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide Total Sales Leaders
|
|
|
334,971
|
|
|
|
298,791
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The number of supervisors by geographic region as of the
quarterly reporting dates will normally be higher than the
number of supervisors by geographic region as of the
requalification period because supervisors who do not re-qualify
during the relevant twelve-month period will be dropped from the
rank of supervisor the following February. Since supervisors
purchase most of our products for resale to other distributors
and consumers, comparisons of supervisor totals on a
year-to-year, same period basis are good indicators of our
recruitment and retention efforts in different geographic
regions.
The value of the average monthly purchase of Herbalife products
by our sales leaders has remained relatively constant over time.
Consequently, increases in our sales are driven primarily by our
retention of supervisors and by our recruitment and retention of
distributors, rather than through increases in the productivity
of our overall supervisor base.
21
We provide distributors with products, support materials,
training, special events and a competitive compensation program.
If a distributor wants to pursue the Herbalife business
opportunity, the distributor is responsible for growing his or
her business and personally pays for the sales activities
related to attracting new customers and recruiting distributors
by hosting events such as Herbalife Opportunity Meetings or
Success Training Seminars; by advertising Herbalifes
products; by purchasing and using promotional materials such as
t-shirts, buttons and caps; by utilizing and paying for direct
mail and print material such as brochures, flyers, catalogs,
business cards, posters and banners and telephone book listings;
by purchasing inventory for sale or use as samples; and by
training, mentoring and following up (in person or via the phone
or internet) with customers and recruits on how to use Herbalife
products
and/or
pursue the Herbalife business opportunity.
Presentation
Retail sales represent the gross sales amounts on
our invoices to distributors before distributor allowances, as
defined below, and Net sales, which reflect
distribution allowances and handling and freight income,
represent what we collect and recognize as net sales in our
financial statements. We discuss retail sales because of its
fundamental role in our compensation systems, internal controls
and operations, including its role as the basis upon which
distributor discounts, royalties and bonuses are awarded. In
addition, it is used as the basis for certain information
included in daily and monthly reports reviewed by our
management. However, such a measure is not in accordance with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the U.S., or GAAP.
You should not consider retail sales in isolation from, nor as a
substitute for, net sales and other consolidated income or cash
flow statement data prepared in accordance with GAAP, or as a
measure of profitability or liquidity. A reconciliation of net
sales to retail sales is presented below under Results of
Operations. Product sales represent the actual
product purchase price paid to us by our distributors, after
giving effect to distributor discounts referred to as
distributor allowances, which approximate 50% of
retail sales prices. Distributor allowances as a percentage of
retail sales may vary by country depending upon regulatory
restrictions that limit or otherwise restrict distributor
allowances.
Our gross profit consists of net sales less
cost of sales, which represents the prices we pay to
our raw material suppliers and manufacturers of our products as
well as costs related to product shipments, duties and tariffs,
freight expenses relating to shipment of products to
distributors and importers and similar expenses.
Royalty overrides are our most significant expense
and consist of:
|
|
|
|
|
royalty overrides and production bonuses which total
approximately 15% and 7%, respectively, of the retail sales of
weight management, targeted nutrition, energy &
fitness, Outer Nutrition and promotional products;
|
|
|
|
the Mark Hughes bonus payable to some of our most senior
distributors in the aggregate amount of up to 1% of retail sales
of weight management, targeted nutrition, energy &
fitness and Outer Nutrition; and
|
|
|
|
other discretionary incentive cash bonuses to qualifying
distributors.
|
Royalty overrides are generally earned based on retail sales and
approximate in the aggregate about 21% of retail sales or
approximately 34% of our net sales. Royalty overrides together
with distributor allowances represent the potential earnings to
distributors of up to approximately 73% of retail sales. The
compensation to distributors is generally for the development,
retention and improved productivity of their distributor sales
organizations and is paid to several levels of distributors on
each sale. Due to restrictions on direct selling in China, our
full-time employed sales representatives in China are
compensated with wages, bonuses and benefits instead of the
distributors earnings, distributor allowances and royalty
overrides. Because of local country regulatory constraints, we
may be required to modify our typical distributor incentive
plans as described above. Consequently, the total distributor
discount percentage may vary over time. We also offer reduced
distributor allowances and pay reduced royalty overrides with
respect to certain products worldwide.
Our operating margins consist of net sales less cost
of sales and royalty overrides.
Selling, general and administrative expenses
represent our operating expenses, components of which include
labor and benefits, sales events, professional fees, travel and
entertainment, distributor marketing, occupancy costs,
communication costs, bank fees, depreciation and amortization,
foreign exchange gains and losses and other miscellaneous
operating expenses.
22
Most of our sales to distributors outside the United States are
made in the respective local currencies. In preparing our
financial statements, we translate revenues into
U.S. dollars using average exchange rates. Additionally,
the majority of our purchases from our suppliers generally are
made in U.S. dollars. Consequently, a strengthening of the
U.S. dollar versus a foreign currency can have a negative
impact on our reported sales and operating margins and can
generate transaction losses on intercompany transactions.
Throughout the last five years, foreign currency exchange rates
have fluctuated significantly. From time to time, we enter into
foreign exchange forward and option contracts to mitigate our
foreign currency exchange risk as discussed in further detail in
Part I, Item 3 Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
Summary
Financial Results
Net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
increased 20.7% and 19.8% to $639.7 million and
$1,244.1 million, respectively, compared to the same
periods in 2007. For the three months ended June 30, 2008,
net sales in several of the Companys top countries
including, the U.S., Venezuela, China, Mexico and Italy
increased 18.2%, 156.9%, 125.2%, 8.5% and 26.4%, respectively,
as compared to the same period in 2007. For the six months ended
June 30, 2008, net sales in top countries, including, the
U.S., Venezuela, China, Mexico and Italy increased 16.3%,
212.9%, 119.7%, 4.0% and 27.9%, respectively, as compared to the
same period in 2007. These increases in net sales were mainly
due to a strong sales leader base, the continued success of our
various daily methods of operations, or DMOs, like the
Nutrition Club DMO, Internet/Sampling DMO and Wellness Coach
DMO, the introduction of new operating methods like Commercial
Clubs, Central Clubs and Weight Loss Challenge DMOs,
distributor momentum from qualifications leading up to our
recent sales Extravaganzas and an increase in the number of
retail stores in China compared to the prior year period.
Overall, the appreciation of foreign currencies had a
$40.2 million and $76.6 million favorable impact on
net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, representing 36.7% and 37.2% of the total net
sales increase of $109.6 million and $205.9 million,
respectively.
Net income for the three months ended June 30, 2008
increased 39.4% to $67.1 million, or $1.01 per diluted
share, compared to $48.1 million, or $0.65 per diluted
share, for the same period in 2007. Net income for the six
months ended June 30, 2008 increased 45.0% to
$129.4 million, or $1.94 per diluted share, compared to
$89.3 million, or $1.20 per diluted share, for the same
period in 2007. These increases were driven by revenue growth in
many of our markets and a lower effective tax rate, partially
offset by higher labor costs, sales events costs, advertising
and promotion expenses and depreciation expense.
Net income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008
included a $0.9 million and $1.1 million unfavorable
after tax impact, respectively, in connection with the
Realignment for Growth plan. Net income for the three months
ended June 30, 2007 included the impact of a
$0.6 million tax benefit resulting from an international
income tax settlement. Net income for the six months ended
June 30, 2007 included an unfavorable after tax impact of
$1.0 million in connection with the Realignment for Growth
plan, an increase in tax reserves of $3.6 million and the
impact of a $0.6 million tax benefit resulting from an
international income tax settlement.
Results
of Operations
Our results of operations for the periods described below are
not necessarily indicative of results of operations for future
periods, which depend upon numerous factors, including our
ability to recruit new distributors and retain existing
distributors, open new markets, further penetrate existing
markets, introduce new products and programs that will help our
distributors increase their retail efforts and develop niche
market segments.
23
The following table sets forth selected results of our
operations expressed as a percentage of net sales for the
periods indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
Cost of sales
|
|
|
20.0
|
|
|
|
21.0
|
|
|
|
19.7
|
|
|
|
21.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit
|
|
|
80.0
|
|
|
|
79.0
|
|
|
|
80.3
|
|
|
|
78.9
|
|
Royalty overrides
|
|
|
33.7
|
|
|
|
35.6
|
|
|
|
34.4
|
|
|
|
35.5
|
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses
|
|
|
31.7
|
|
|
|
28.7
|
|
|
|
31.2
|
|
|
|
29.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income
|
|
|
14.6
|
|
|
|
14.7
|
|
|
|
14.7
|
|
|
|
14.3
|
|
Interest expense, net
|
|
|
0.5
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
0.6
|
|
|
|
0.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
|
|
14.1
|
|
|
|
14.3
|
|
|
|
14.1
|
|
|
|
13.9
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
|
|
3.7
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
|
|
10.5
|
%
|
|
|
9.1
|
%
|
|
|
10.4
|
%
|
|
|
8.6
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Sales
The following chart reconciles retail sales to net sales:
Sales by
Geographic Region
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Change in
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Net Sales
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
North America
|
|
$
|
213.4
|
|
|
$
|
(101.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
111.5
|
|
|
$
|
21.7
|
|
|
$
|
133.2
|
|
|
$
|
184.2
|
|
|
$
|
(88.0
|
)
|
|
$
|
96.2
|
|
|
$
|
17.7
|
|
|
$
|
113.9
|
|
|
|
16.9
|
%
|
Mexico & Central America
|
|
|
178.0
|
|
|
|
(86.9
|
)
|
|
|
91.1
|
|
|
|
16.3
|
|
|
|
107.4
|
|
|
|
164.7
|
|
|
|
(80.2
|
)
|
|
|
84.5
|
|
|
|
13.4
|
|
|
|
97.9
|
|
|
|
9.7
|
%
|
South America
|
|
|
159.1
|
|
|
|
(77.6
|
)
|
|
|
81.5
|
|
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
|
94.0
|
|
|
|
111.2
|
|
|
|
(55.2
|
)
|
|
|
56.0
|
|
|
|
8.1
|
|
|
|
64.1
|
|
|
|
46.6
|
%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
259.5
|
|
|
|
(125.2
|
)
|
|
|
134.3
|
|
|
|
25.6
|
|
|
|
159.9
|
|
|
|
237.6
|
|
|
|
(114.5
|
)
|
|
|
123.1
|
|
|
|
22.9
|
|
|
|
146.0
|
|
|
|
9.5
|
%
|
Asia Pacific
|
|
|
218.6
|
|
|
|
(86.3
|
)
|
|
|
132.3
|
|
|
|
12.9
|
|
|
|
145.2
|
|
|
|
168.4
|
|
|
|
(71.3
|
)
|
|
|
97.1
|
|
|
|
11.1
|
|
|
|
108.2
|
|
|
|
34.2
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide
|
|
$
|
1,028.6
|
|
|
$
|
(477.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
550.7
|
|
|
$
|
89.0
|
|
|
$
|
639.7
|
|
|
$
|
866.1
|
|
|
$
|
(409.2
|
)
|
|
$
|
456.9
|
|
|
$
|
73.2
|
|
|
$
|
530.1
|
|
|
|
20.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Change in
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Net Sales
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
North America
|
|
$
|
402.9
|
|
|
$
|
(192.1
|
)
|
|
$
|
210.8
|
|
|
$
|
41.0
|
|
|
$
|
251.8
|
|
|
$
|
352.6
|
|
|
$
|
(168.2
|
)
|
|
$
|
184.4
|
|
|
$
|
34.0
|
|
|
$
|
218.4
|
|
|
|
15.3
|
%
|
Mexico & Central America
|
|
|
341.6
|
|
|
|
(166.9
|
)
|
|
|
174.7
|
|
|
|
30.3
|
|
|
|
205.0
|
|
|
|
326.0
|
|
|
|
(158.6
|
)
|
|
|
167.4
|
|
|
|
26.4
|
|
|
|
193.8
|
|
|
|
5.8
|
%
|
South America
|
|
|
343.9
|
|
|
|
(172.8
|
)
|
|
|
171.1
|
|
|
|
24.9
|
|
|
|
196.0
|
|
|
|
213.9
|
|
|
|
(104.6
|
)
|
|
|
109.3
|
|
|
|
15.7
|
|
|
|
125.0
|
|
|
|
56.8
|
%
|
EMEA
|
|
|
516.5
|
|
|
|
(249.4
|
)
|
|
|
267.1
|
|
|
|
50.8
|
|
|
|
317.9
|
|
|
|
471.7
|
|
|
|
(227.2
|
)
|
|
|
244.5
|
|
|
|
44.7
|
|
|
|
289.2
|
|
|
|
9.9
|
%
|
Asia Pacific
|
|
|
417.5
|
|
|
|
(169.8
|
)
|
|
|
247.7
|
|
|
|
25.7
|
|
|
|
273.4
|
|
|
|
333.1
|
|
|
|
(143.9
|
)
|
|
|
189.2
|
|
|
|
22.6
|
|
|
|
211.8
|
|
|
|
29.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Worldwide
|
|
$
|
2,022.4
|
|
|
$
|
(951.0
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,071.4
|
|
|
$
|
172.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,244.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,697.3
|
|
|
$
|
(802.5
|
)
|
|
$
|
894.8
|
|
|
$
|
143.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,038.2
|
|
|
|
19.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
24
Changes in net sales are directly associated with the recruiting
and retention of our distributor force, retailing of our
products, the quality and completeness of the product offerings
that the distributor force has to sell and the number of
countries in which we operate. Managements role, both
in-country and at the corporate level is to provide distributors
with a competitive and broad product line, encourage strong
teamwork and leadership among the Chairmans Club and
Presidents Team distributors and offer leading edge
business tools to make doing business with Herbalife simple.
Management uses the distributor marketing program coupled with
educational and motivational tools and promotions to incentivize
distributors to increase recruiting, retention and retailing,
which in turn affect net sales. Such tools include Company
sponsored sales events such as Extravaganzas and World Team
Schools where large groups of distributors gather, thus allowing
them to network with other distributors, learn recruiting,
retention and retailing techniques from our leading distributors
and become more familiar with how to market and sell our
products and business opportunities. Accordingly, management
believes that these development and motivation programs increase
the productivity of the supervisor network. The expenses for
such programs are included in selling, general and
administrative expenses. Sales are driven by several factors,
including the number and productivity of distributors and
supervisors who continually build, educate and motivate their
respective distribution and sales organizations. We also use
event and non-event product promotions to motivate distributors
to increase recruiting, retention and retailing activities.
These promotions have prizes ranging from qualifying for events
to product prizes and vacations. The costs of these promotions
are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.
The factors described above have helped distributors increase
their business, which in turn has driven growth in our business.
The discussion below of net sales by geographic region further
details some of the above factors and describes unique growth
factors specific to certain major countries. We believe that the
correct business foundation, coupled with ongoing training and
promotional initiatives, is required to increase recruiting and
retention of distributors and retailing our products. The
correct business foundation includes strong country management
that works closely with the distributor leadership, unified
distributor leadership, a broad product line that appeals to
local consumer needs, a favorable regulatory environment, a
scalable and stable technology platform and an attractive
distributor marketing plan. Initiatives, such as Success
Training Seminars, World Team Schools, Promotional Events and
regional Extravaganzas, are integral components of developing a
highly motivated and educated distributor sales organization
that will work toward increasing the recruitment and retention
of distributors.
Our strategy will continue to include creating and maintaining
growth within existing markets, while expanding into new
markets. We expect to increase our spending in selling, general
and administrative expenses to maintain or stimulate sales
growth, while making strategic investments in new initiatives
and in new markets. In addition, new ideas and DMOs are being
generated in our regional markets and globalized where
applicable, either by distributors, country management or
corporate management. Examples of DMOs include the Nutrition
Clubs in Mexico, the Total Plan in Brazil, the Wellness Coach in
France and the Internet/Sampling in the
U.S. Managements strategy is to review the
applicability of expanding successful country initiatives
throughout a region, and where appropriate, financially support
the globalization of these initiatives.
North
America
The North America region reported net sales of
$133.2 million and $251.8 million for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales
increased $19.3 million, or 16.9%, and $33.4 million,
or 15.3%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. In local
currency, net sales increased 16.7% and 14.9% for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared
to the same period in 2007. The fluctuation of foreign currency
rates had a positive impact of $0.4 million and
$0.9 million on net sales for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively. The overall increase was
a result of net sales growth in the U.S. of
$19.6 million, or 18.2% and $33.9 million, or 16.3%,
for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007.
The increase in net sales in North America was led by
distributor momentum behind the transformation to a daily
consumption business model, especially the Nutrition Club DMO,
and its extension into Commercial Clubs and Central Clubs, along
with the emergence of the Weight Loss Challenge DMO. The mix of
business in the
25
U.S. was 66% Spanish speaking and 34% Non-Spanish speaking
for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 64% and 36%,
respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
New supervisors in the region increased 9.7% and 5.6% for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007. New supervisor growth in
the United States was 10.4% and 6.5% for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, as compared to the same period
in 2007.
We believe the fiscal year 2008 net sales in North America
should continue to show year over year positive growth primarily
as a result of continued momentum in the United States behind
expansion of the club concept and the Weight Loss Challenge DMO.
Mexico
and Central America
The Mexico and Central America region reported net sales of
$107.4 million and $205.0 million for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales
increased $9.5 million, or 9.7%, and $11.2 million, or
5.8%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. In local
currency, net sales increased by 5.1% and 2.4% for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared
to the same period in 2007. The fluctuation of foreign currency
rates had a favorable impact of $4.5 million and
$6.5 million on net sales for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales in Mexico
increased $8.0 million, or 8.5% and $7.6 million, or
4.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007.
The focus of both the Mexico management team and distributor
leadership in 2007 was to build a solid foundation for long-term
growth including infrastructure enhancements and training. In
the second quarter of 2008, we introduced a new promotion,
Club of Club Challenges, that we expect will be a
catalyst for Nutrition Club growth and help drive deeper
penetration across the Mexican market. In July 2008, the region
hosted an Extravaganza in Mexico City that was attended by over
15,000 distributors.
New supervisors in the region decreased 11.3% and 3.7% for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007. Mexicos new
supervisors decreased by 12.7% and 4.9% for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.
We believe the fiscal year 2008 net sales in Mexico and
Central America should show positive growth as a result of
infrastructure enhancements, better trained distributors driving
penetration across Mexico, focusing on retailing and recruiting
via the Club of Clubs Challenge, and assuming
continued favorable currency fluctuations.
South
America
The South America region reported net sales of
$94.0 million and $196.0 million for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales
increased $29.9 million, or 46.6%, and $71.0 million,
or 56.8% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. In local
currency, net sales increased 33.7% and 43.7% for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared
to the same period in 2007. The fluctuation of foreign currency
rates had an $8.3 million and $16.4 million favorable
impact on net sales for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively. The increase in net sales in
the region was attributable to net sales increases in Brazil,
Venezuela, Peru and Bolivia.
In Brazil, the regions largest market, net sales increased
19.3% and 13.1% for the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007,
primarily due to favorable foreign exchange fluctuations. Also,
the successful transformation into a more balanced mix of
recruiting, retailing and retention via the Nutrition Club DMO
has helped ease the declining growth rate in this market.
Venezuela, the regions second largest market, experienced
strong growth with net sales up 156.9%, or $15.2 million
and 212.9%, or $33.9 million, for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to the same
period in 2007, reflecting strong distributor leadership focused
on recruiting additional distributors coupled with price
increases of 20% and 25%, in January and May 2008, respectively.
In July 2008, the region hosted a Brazil southeast Extravaganza
in Rio de Janeiro. Year-to-date the region has hosted events
that were attended by over 20,000 distributors.
26
New supervisors in the region increased 11.6% and 24.4% for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007. The increase was driven by
new supervisor growth in Venezuela which increased 69.8% and
148.1% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007, Peru which
increased 76.0% and 112.1%, for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to the same period
in 2007 and Bolivia which increased 126.8% and 173.0%, for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007. The increases were offset
by declines in Brazil of 15.8% and 22.6% for the three and six
months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to
the same period in 2007, Argentina of 38.6% and 10.2% for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007 and Colombia of 16.4% and
13.6% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007.
We believe the fiscal year 2008 net sales in South America
should show positive growth reflecting the many successful
DMOs, price increases and assuming continued favorable
currency fluctuations.
EMEA
The EMEA region reported net sales of $159.9 million and
$317.9 million for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales increased
$13.9 million, or 9.5%, and $28.7 million, or 9.9% for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively,
as compared to the same period in 2007. In local currency, net
sales decreased 3.2% and 2.5% for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to the same period
in 2007. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had a
favorable impact on net sales of $18.5 million and
$35.8 million for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively.
Among the largest markets in the region, Italy and France,
reported net sales increases of 26.4% and 32.9%, respectively,
while Spain reported a net sales decrease of 4.6% for the three
months ended June 30, 2008, as compared to the same period
in 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, Italy,
France and Spain reported net sales increases of 27.9%, 29.7%
and 11.1%, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007.
Sales in the Netherlands increased 8.9% and 4.5% for the three
months and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as
compared to the same period in 2007. In addition, Eastern
European countries have shown signs of potential long-term
growth including a net sales increase in Russia of 40.4% and
52.3% and Poland of 62.2% and 58.9% for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to the same
period in 2007, driven by adoption of the Nutrition Club concept
in the form of a Breakfast Club DMO. These increases were offset
by declines in Germany and Portugal. Germany net sales declined
11.6% and 14.8% for the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007, as
it transitions to daily consumption models including Nutrition
Clubs and Wellness Evaluations. Portugal net sales declined
49.5% and 37.2% for the three and six months ended June 30,
2008, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007, due
to weaker recruiting efforts.
In April and May 2008, EMEA hosted a series of Spring
Spectaculars and Leadership Development Weekends in local
markets across the region. In addition, in June EMEA hosted an
Extravaganza in Barcelona that had over 16,000 distributors in
attendance.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, new
supervisors for the region decreased 6.1% and 10.0%,
respectively, with gains in Russia, France and Italy, which were
up 37.7%, 27.2% and 20.7%, respectively, for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and 57.1%, 19.9% and 20.7%,
respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The
increases were offset by declines in Portugal, Germany and Spain
of 59.7%, 36.8% and 13.4% respectively, for the three months
ended June 30, 2008 and declines of 61.3%, 46.6% and 1.2%,
respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
We expect 2008 net sales in EMEA to show a slight increase
assuming continued favorable currency fluctuations.
Asia
Pacific
The Asia Pacific region reported net sales of
$145.2 million and $273.4 million for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. Net sales
increased $37.0 million, or 34.2%, and $61.6 million,
or 29.1%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. In local
currency,
27
net sales increased 26.3% and 21.1% for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to same
period in 2007. The fluctuation of foreign currency rates had a
favorable impact of $8.5 million and $16.9 million on
net sales for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively. The increase in net sales in Asia Pacific was
attributable to the increases in our five largest markets,
China, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea and Malaysia.
Net sales in China, our largest market in the region, increased
$21.6 million, or 125.2%, and $34.5 million, or
119.7%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively as compared to the same period in 2007. As of
June 30, 2008, we had 88 stores in China across 29 Chinese
provinces compared to 84 stores in 28 provinces as of
June 30, 2007. As of July 20, 2008, we had 91 stores
in 30 provinces. Additionally, we have a direct selling license
in the Jiangsu province and in July 2008, we received approval
for five additional direct selling licenses in the provinces of
Beijing, Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guizhou.
Net sales in Taiwan, our second largest market in the region,
increased $5.2 million, or 19.1%, and $9.1 million, or
17.0%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. Adoption
of the Nutrition Club DMO, in the form of Commercial Clubs, has
been a positive catalyst for growth in this country.
Net sales in Japan, our third largest market in the region,
increased $0.5 million, or 3.1%, and $2.6 million, or
7.0%, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007, primarily
reflecting the benefit of foreign exchange fluctuations.
Net sales in South Korea, our fourth largest market in the
region, increased $3.3 million, or 19.6%, and
$4.3 million, or 13.2%, for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to the same period
in 2007, driven by the adoption of the Nutrition Club DMO, in
the form of Commercial Clubs.
We hosted a regional Extravaganza in July in Bangkok with
attendance of approximately 18,000 distributors.
New supervisors in the region, excluding China, increased 10.2%
and 2.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to the same period in 2007. New
supervisors for Taiwan, South Korea and Malaysia increased
16.9%, 13.8% and 109.8%, respectively, for the three months
ended June 30, 2008. For the six months ended June 30,
2008, new supervisors for Taiwan, South Korea and Malaysia
increased 8.7%, 12.7%, and 62.4%, respectively. The increases
were offset by a decrease in Japan of 21.3% and 10.5%, for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.
We believe the fiscal year 2008 net sales in Asia Pacific
should continue to show positive year over year growth,
primarily as a result of the expansion of our direct selling
business in China, continued growth in other key markets and
assuming continued favorable foreign currency fluctuations.
Sales by
Product Category
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
% Change in
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Net Sales
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Weight Management
|
|
$
|
671.1
|
|
|
$
|
(323.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
347.2
|
|
|
$
|
58.0
|
|
|
$
|
405.2
|
|
|
$
|
571.0
|
|
|
$
|
(280.4
|
)
|
|
$
|
290.6
|
|
|
$
|
48.3
|
|
|
$
|
338.9
|
|
|
|
19.6
|
%
|
Targeted Nutrition
|
|
|
216.0
|
|
|
|
(104.2
|
)
|
|
|
111.8
|
|
|
|
18.7
|
|
|
|
130.5
|
|
|
|
177.1
|
|
|
|
(86.9
|
)
|
|
|
90.2
|
|
|
|
15.0
|
|
|
|
105.2
|
|
|
|
24.0
|
%
|
Energy and Fitness
|
|
|
43.9
|
|
|
|
(21.2
|
)
|
|
|
22.7
|
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
|
26.5
|
|
|
|
37.7
|
|
|
|
(18.5
|
)
|
|
|
19.2
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
22.4
|
|
|
|
18.3
|
%
|
Outer Nutrition
|
|
|
64.9
|
|
|
|
(31.3
|
)
|
|
|
33.6
|
|
|
|
5.7
|
|
|
|
39.3
|
|
|
|
57.6
|
|
|
|
(28.3
|
)
|
|
|
29.3
|
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
|
|
34.1
|
|
|
|
15.2
|
%
|
Literature, Promotional and Other
|
|
|
32.7
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
|
|
35.4
|
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
|
|
38.2
|
|
|
|
22.7
|
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
|
|
27.6
|
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
|
|
29.5
|
|
|
|
29.5
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
1,028.6
|
|
|
$
|
(477.9
|
)
|
|
$
|
550.7
|
|
|
$
|
89.0
|
|
|
$
|
639.7
|
|
|
$
|
866.1
|
|
|
$
|
(409.2
|
)
|
|
$
|
456.9
|
|
|
$
|
73.2
|
|
|
$
|
530.1
|
|
|
|
20.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Six Months Ended June 30,
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Handling
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
Distributor
|
|
|
Product
|
|
|
& Freight
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
% Change in
|
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Allowance
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Income
|
|
|
Sales
|
|
|
Net Sales
|
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Weight Management
|
|
$
|
1,315.4
|
|
|
$
|
(641.7
|
)
|
|
$
|
673.7
|
|
|
$
|
112.3
|
|
|
$
|
786.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,111.2
|
|
|
$
|
(545.5
|
)
|
|
$
|
565.7
|
|
|
$
|
93.9
|
|
|
$
|
659.6
|
|
|
|
19.2
|
%
|
Targeted Nutrition
|
|
|
428.6
|
|
|
|
(209.1
|
)
|
|
|
219.5
|
|
|
|
36.6
|
|
|
|
256.1
|
|
|
|
350.6
|
|
|
|
(172.1
|
)
|
|
|
178.5
|
|
|
|
29.6
|
|
|
|
208.1
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
%
|
Energy and Fitness
|
|
|
84.5
|
|
|
|
(41.2
|
)
|
|
|
43.3
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
|
50.5
|
|
|
|
72.1
|
|
|
|
(35.4
|
)
|
|
|
36.7
|
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
|
|
42.8
|
|
|
|
18.0
|
%
|
Outer Nutrition
|
|
|
133.0
|
|
|
|
(64.9
|
)
|
|
|
68.1
|
|
|
|
11.4
|
|
|
|
79.5
|
|
|
|
118.9
|
|
|
|
(58.4
|
)
|
|
|
60.5
|
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
|
70.6
|
|
|
|
12.6
|
%
|
Literature, Promotional and Other
|
|
|
60.9
|
|
|
|
5.9
|
|
|
|
66.8
|
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
|
|
72.0
|
|
|
|
44.5
|
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
|
|
53.4
|
|
|
|
3.7
|
|
|
|
57.1
|
|
|
|
26.1
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
2,022.4
|
|
|
$
|
(951.0
|
)
|
|
$
|
1,071.4
|
|
|
$
|
172.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,244.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,697.3
|
|
|
$
|
(802.5
|
)
|
|
$
|
894.8
|
|
|
$
|
143.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,038.2
|
|
|
|
19.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our emphasis on the science of weight management, energy and
nutrition has resulted in product introductions such as
Niteworks®,
Garden
7®,
Best
Defense®,
Liftoff®,
H3Otm
and a new Kids Line. Net sales of weight management products,
targeted nutrition products and energy and fitness products
increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
as compared to the same periods in 2007, mainly due to the sales
momentum discussed above. The increase in Outer Nutrition was
primarily driven by higher sales of our Anti-Aging line for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008, as compared to
the same periods in 2007. We expect growth rates within our
product categories to vary from time to time as we launch new
products.
Gross
Profit
Gross profit was $511.7 million and $998.4 million for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively,
as compared to $418.7 million and $819.6 for the same
periods in 2007. As a percentage of net sales, gross profit for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was 80.0% and
80.3%, respectively, as compared to 79.0% and 78.9% for the same
periods in 2007. The increase in gross profit percentage was
primarily due to country mix and foreign exchange fluctuations.
Generally, gross profit percentages do not vary significantly as
a percentage of net sales other than due to product or country
mix, ongoing cost reduction initiatives and provisions for slow
moving and obsolete inventory. We are experiencing ingredient
and product price pressure in the areas of soy, dairy products,
plastics, and transportation reflecting current global economic
trends. We believe that we have the ability to mitigate some of
these cost increases through improved optimization of our supply
chain coupled with select increases in the retail prices of our
products.
Royalty
Overrides
Royalty overrides as a percentage of net sales were 33.7% and
34.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008,
respectively, as compared to 35.6% and 35.5% in the same periods
of 2007. The decrease for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 was primarily due to changes in the mix of
products and countries, and the increase in sales in China where
compensation to our full-time employee sales representatives is
included in selling, general and administrative expenses as
opposed to royalty overrides where it is included for all other
distributors under our worldwide marking plan. Generally, this
ratio varies slightly from period to period due to changes in
the mix of products and countries because full royalty overrides
are not paid on certain products and in certain countries. Due
to the structure of our global compensation plan coupled with
expected sales increases in China, we expect to see an on-going
reduction in royalty overrides as a percent of net sales.
Selling,
General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of
net sales were 31.7% and 31.2% for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared to 28.7% and
29.1% for the same periods in 2007.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, selling,
general and administrative expenses increased $51.0 million
and $85.9 million to $203.1 million and
$387.5 million, respectively, as compared to the same
periods in 2007. The increase for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008 included $18.1 million and
$30.8 million
29
higher salaries and benefits, respectively, due primarily to
normal merit increases and higher compensation costs associated
with full-time employee sales representatives in China, a
$3.4 million and $9.2 million higher distributor sales
events costs, respectively, a $2.1 million and
$4.5 million higher advertising and promotion expenses,
respectively, and $3.1 million and $5.2 million higher
depreciation and amortization, respectively, related mostly to
the development of our technology infrastructure and the
expansion and relocation to new facilities.
We expect 2008 selling, general and administrative expenses to
increase in absolute dollars over 2007 levels reflecting general
salary merit increases, continued investments in China, and
various sales growth initiatives including sales events and
promotions. As a result of these initiatives, selling, general
and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales should
continue to be above 2007 levels.
Net
Interest Expense
Net interest expense is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended
|
|
|
Six Months Ended
|
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
|
June 30,
|
|
Net Interest Expense
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
Interest income
|
|
|
(1.7
|
)
|
|
|
(1.5
|
)
|
|
|
(3.4
|
)
|
|
|
(2.9
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest expense
|
|
$
|
3.2
|
|
|
$
|
2.3
|
|
|
$
|
7.0
|
|
|
$
|
4.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The increase in interest expense for the three and six months
ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007
was primarily due to the higher balance of long term borrowings,
partially offset by lower interest rates, in 2008 as compared to
2007. See Liquidity and Capital Resources
below for further discussion on our senior secured credit
facility.
Income
Taxes
Income taxes were $23.0 million and $46.5 million for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively,
as compared to $27.7 million and $55.4 million for the
same period in 2007. As a percentage of pre-tax income, the
effective income tax rate was 25.5% and 26.4% for the three and
six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, as compared
to 36.5% and 38.3% for the same periods in 2007. The decrease in
the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, as compared to the same period in 2007, was
primarily due to a decrease in the operating effective tax rate
reflecting country mix, the tax holiday in China and the
favorable impact of our global entity structuring and planning
offset by an increase in unrecognized tax benefits during the
quarter ended June 30, 2008.
Restructuring
Costs
In July 2006, we initiated the realignment of our employee base
as part of the first phase of the Realignment for Growth plan
and during the fourth quarter of 2007, we initiated the second
phase of the Realignment for Growth plan. We recorded
$1.4 million and $1.8 million of professional fees,
severance and related costs for the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008, respectively. For the three and six months
ended June 30, 2007, we recorded expenses related to the
Realignment for Growth plan of $0.2 million and
$1.7 million, respectively. All such amounts were included
in selling, general and administrative expenses.
We expect to complete the second phase of the Realignment for
Growth plan in 2008 and estimates that the corresponding
severance and related cost that will be incurred for the full
fiscal 2008 year will be approximately $3.0 million to
$5.0 million.
Subsequent
Event
On August 5, 2008, the Company announced that its board of
directors has authorized a $0.20 per common share cash
dividend for the second quarter of 2008, payable on
September 10, 2008 to shareholders of record on
August 27, 2008.
30
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
We have historically met our working capital and capital
expenditure requirements, including funding for expansion of
operations, through net cash flows provided by operating
activities. Our principal source of liquidity is our operating
cash flows. Variations in sales of our products would directly
affect the availability of funds. There are no material
restrictions on the ability to transfer and remit funds among
our international affiliated companies.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, we generated
$121.9 million of operating cash flow, as compared to
$127.8 million for the same period in 2007. The decrease in
cash generated from operations was primarily due to higher
income tax payments, higher receivable balance resulting from a
higher sales volume for the six months ended June 30, 2008
and an increase in inventory purchases, partially offset by an
increase in operating income of $33.7 million driven by a
20% growth in net sales for the six months ended June 30,
2008 compared to the same period in 2007.
Capital expenditures, including capital leases, for the six
months ended June 30, 2008 were $49.8 million, as
compared to $22.6 million for the same period in 2007. The
majority of these expenditures represented investments in
management information systems, the development of our
distributor internet initiatives, and the expansion of our
facilities domestically and internationally. We expect to incur
capital expenditures of approximately $103 million in 2008.
We entered into a $300.0 million senior secured credit
facility, comprised of a $200.0 million term loan and a
revolving credit facility of $100.0 million, with a
syndicate of financial institutions as lenders in July 2006. The
term loan matures on July 21, 2013 and the revolving credit
facility is available until July 21, 2012. The term loan
bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.5%, or the base rate,
which represents the prime rate offered by major
U.S. banks, plus a margin of 0.50%. The revolving credit
facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin of 1.25%, or the
base rate, which represents the prime rate offered by major
U.S. banks, plus a margin of 0.25%. In March 2007, we made
a prepayment of $29.5 million on our term loan borrowings.
In September 2007, the credit agreement was amended increasing
the revolving credit facility by $150.0 million to fund the
increase in our share repurchase program discussed below. During
2007, we borrowed an aggregate amount of $293.7 million
under the revolving credit facility to fund our share repurchase
program and paid $85.0 million of the revolving credit
facility. During the first quarter of 2008, we paid
$30.0 million of the revolving credit facility. During the
second quarter of 2008, we borrowed an aggregate amount of
$40.0 million and paid $28.0 million of the revolving
credit facility .
The following summarizes our contractual obligations including
interest at June 30, 2008, and the effect such obligations
are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flows in future
periods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due by Period
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2013 &
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
2008
|
|
|
2009
|
|
|
2010
|
|
|
2011
|
|
|
2012
|
|
|
Thereafter
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
Borrowings under the senior credit facility
|
|
$
|
399.5
|
|
|
$
|
7.6
|
|
|
$
|
15.1
|
|
|
$
|
15.1
|
|
|
$
|
15.0
|
|
|
$
|
202.4
|
|
|
$
|
144.3
|
|
Capital leases
|
|
|
5.6
|
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
|
0.8
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases
|
|
|
127.0
|
|
|
|
16.7
|
|
|
|
29.3
|
|
|
|
22.1
|
|
|
|
13.8
|
|
|
|
11.1
|
|
|
|
34.0
|
|
Other
|
|
|
45.4
|
|
|
|
11.6
|
|
|
|
14.6
|
|
|
|
13.9
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
577.5
|
|
|
$
|
37.2
|
|
|
$
|
60.8
|
|
|
$
|
52.1
|
|
|
$
|
34.9
|
|
|
$
|
214.2
|
|
|
$
|
178.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Off
Balance Sheet Arrangements
At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had no
material off-balance-sheet arrangements as defined in
Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of
Regulation S-K.
Share
Repurchases
On April 18, 2007, our board of directors authorized the
repurchase of up to $300 million of our common shares
during the next two years, at such times and prices as
determined by our management, as market conditions
31
warrant. On August 23, 2007, our board of directors
approved an increase of $150 million, raising the total
value of our common shares authorized to be repurchased to
$450 million. During 2007, we repurchased approximately
9.1 million common shares through open market purchases at
an aggregate cost of $365.8 million, or an average cost of
$40.39 per share. During the first quarter 2008, we repurchased
approximately 0.4 million common shares through open market
purchases at an aggregate cost of $17.7 million, or an
average cost of $39.28 per share. On May 20, 2008, our
board of directors approved an additional increase of
$150 million to our previously authorized share repurchase
program raising the total value of common shares authorized to
be repurchased to $600 million. During the quarter ended,
June 30, 2008, we repurchased approximately
1.8 million of our common shares through open market
purchases at an aggregate cost of $76.5 million or an
average cost of $43.23 per share. Since the inception of the
share repurchase program, we have repurchased 11.3 million
of the Companys common shares at an aggregate cost of
$460.0 million or an average cost of $40.82 per share.
Dividends
During the second quarter of 2007, our board of directors
adopted a regular quarterly cash dividend program. The aggregate
amount of dividends paid and declared during fiscal year 2007
was $41.5 million. On January 31, 2008, our board of
directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 per common
share or $12.9 million, for the fourth quarter of 2007 that
was paid to shareholders of record on March 14, 2008. On
May 1, 2008, our board of directors approved a quarterly
cash dividend of $0.20 per common share in an aggregate amount
of $12.7 million, for the first quarter of 2008 that was
paid to shareholders of record on June 13, 2008.
Working
Capital and Operating Activities
As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had
positive working capital of $117.4 million and
$111.5 million, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents
were $162.4 million at June 30, 2008, compared to
$187.4 million at December 31, 2007.
We expect that cash and funds provided from operations and
available borrowings under our revolving credit facility will
provide sufficient working capital to operate our business, to
make expected capital expenditures and to meet foreseeable
liquidity requirements, including debt service on our term loan.
There can be no assurance, however, that our business will
service our debt, or fund our other liquidity needs.
The majority of our purchases from suppliers are generally made
in U.S. dollars, while sales to our distributors generally
are made in local currencies. Consequently, strengthening of the
U.S. dollar versus a foreign currency can have a negative
impact on operating margins and can generate transaction losses
on intercompany transactions. For discussion of our foreign
exchange contracts and other hedging arrangements, see
Part 1, Item 3 Quantitative and
Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks.
Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in
2003 have become more restrictive and have impacted the ability
of our subsidiary in Venezuela, or Herbalife Venezuela, to
obtain U.S. dollars at the official foreign exchange rate.
Unless official foreign exchange is made more readily available,
the results of Herbalife Venezuelas operations could be
negatively impacted as it may obtain more U.S. dollars from
alternative sources where the exchange rate is weaker than the
official rate.
At June 30, 2008, Herbalife Venezuela had cash balances of
approximately $34.0 million, primarily denominated in
bolivars. We continue to evaluate the political and economic
environment in Venezuela and any potential changes which may
affect our operations. We are currently making appropriate
applications through the Venezuelan government for acquisition
of U.S. dollars at the official exchange rate. Herbalife
Venezuelas net sales represented less than 5% of
consolidated worldwide net sales for the six months ended
June 30, 2008.
Contingencies
We are from time to time engaged in routine litigation. We
regularly review all pending litigation matters in which we are
involved and establish reserves deemed appropriate by management
for these litigation matters when a probable loss estimate can
be made.
32
Herbalife International and certain of its independent
distributors have been named as defendants in a purported class
action lawsuit filed February 17, 2005, in the Superior
Court of California, County of San Francisco, and served on
Herbalife International on March 14, 2005
(Minton v. Herbalife International, et al). The case
was transferred to the Los Angeles County Superior Court. The
plaintiff is challenging the marketing practices of certain
Herbalife International independent distributors and Herbalife
International under various state laws prohibiting endless
chain schemes, insufficient disclosure in assisted
marketing plans, unfair and deceptive business practices and
fraud and deceit. The plaintiff alleges that the Freedom Group
system operated by certain independent distributors of Herbalife
International products places too much emphasis on recruiting
and encourages excessively large purchases of product and
promotional materials by distributors. The plaintiff also
alleges that Freedom Group pressured distributors to disseminate
misleading promotional materials. The plaintiff seeks to hold
Herbalife International vicariously liable for the actions of
its independent distributors and is seeking damages and
injunctive relief. On January 24, 2007, the Superior Court
denied class certification of all claims, except for the claim
under California law prohibiting endless chain
schemes. That claim was granted California-only class
certification, provided that class counsel is able to substitute
in as a plaintiff a California resident with claims typical of
the class. We believe that we have meritorious defenses to the
suit.
Herbalife International and certain of its distributors were
defendants in a class action lawsuit filed July 16, 2003,
in the Circuit Court of Ohio County in the State of West
Virginia (Mey v. Herbalife International, Inc., et al).
The complaint alleged that certain telemarketing practices
of certain Herbalife International distributors violated the
Telephone Consumer Protection Act, or TCPA, and sought to hold
Herbalife International vicariously liable for the practices of
its independent distributors. More specifically, the
plaintiffs complaint alleged that several of Herbalife
Internationals distributors used pre-recorded telephone
messages and faxes to contact prospective customers in violation
of the TCPAs prohibition of such practices. Without in any
way acknowledging liability or wrongdoing by us or our
independent distributors, we and the other defendants reached a
binding settlement with the plaintiffs. Under the terms of the
settlement, the defendants collectively paid $7 million
into a fund to be distributed to qualifying class members. The
relevant amount paid by us was previously fully reserved in our
financial statements. The settlement received the final approval
of the Court in January 2008.
As a marketer of dietary and nutritional supplements and other
products that are ingested by consumers or applied to their
bodies, we have been and are currently subjected to various
product liability claims. The effects of these claims to date
have not been material to us, and the reasonably possible range
of exposure on currently existing claims is not material to us.
We believe that we have meritorious defenses to the allegations
contained in the lawsuits. We currently maintain product
liability insurance with an annual deductible of
$10 million.
Certain of our subsidiaries have been subject to tax audits by
governmental authorities in their respective countries. In
certain of these tax audits, governmental authorities are
proposing that significant amounts of additional taxes and
related interest and penalties are due. We and our tax advisors
believe that there are substantial defenses to their allegations
that additional taxes are owed, and we are vigorously contesting
the additional proposed taxes and related charges.
These matters may take several years to resolve, and we cannot
be sure of their ultimate resolution. However, it is the opinion
of management that adverse outcomes, if any, will not likely
result in a material effect on our financial condition and
operating results. This opinion is based on our belief that any
losses we suffer would not be material and that we have
meritorious defenses. Although we have reserved an amount that
we believe represents the likely outcome of the resolution of
these disputes, if we are incorrect in our assessment, we may
have to record additional expenses.
Critical
Accounting Policies
Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity
with GAAP, which require us to make estimates and assumptions
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and
disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and
expenses during the year. Actual results could differ from those
estimates. We consider the following policies to be most
critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in
preparing the financial statements and the uncertainties that
could impact our operating results, financial condition and cash
flows.
33
We are a network marketing company that sells a wide range of
weight management products, nutritional supplements,
energy & fitness products and personal care products
within one industry segment as defined under SFAS, No. 131,
Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information, or SFAS 131. Our products are manufactured
by third party providers and then sold to independent
distributors who sell Herbalife products to retail consumers or
other distributors. We sell products in 66 countries throughout
the world and we are organized and managed by geographic region.
We have elected to aggregate our operating segments into one
reporting segment, as management believes that our operating
segments have similar operating characteristics and similar long
term operating performance. In making this determination,
management believes that the operating segments are similar in
the nature of the products sold, the product acquisition
process, the types of customers products are sold to, the
methods used to distribute the products, and the nature of the
regulatory environment.
Revenue is recognized when products are shipped and title passes
to the independent distributor or importer or as products are
sold in our retail stores in China. Amounts billed for freight
and handling costs are included in net sales. We generally
receive the net sales price in cash or through credit card
payments at the point of sale. Related royalty overrides and
allowances for product returns are recorded when the merchandise
is shipped.
Allowances for product returns, primarily in connection with our
buyback program, are provided at the time the product is
shipped. This accrual is based upon historic return rates for
each country and the relevant return pattern, which reflects
anticipated returns to be received over a period of up to
12 months following the original sale. Historically,
product returns and buybacks have not been significant. Product
returns and buybacks were approximately 0.7% of retail sales for
the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively.
No material changes in estimates have been recognized for the
three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
We record reserves against our inventory to provide for
estimated obsolete or unsalable inventory based on assumptions
about future demand for our products and market conditions. If
future demand and market conditions are less favorable than
managements assumptions, additional reserves could be
required. Likewise, favorable future demand and market
conditions could positively impact future operating results if
previously reserved for inventory is sold. We reserved for
obsolete and slow moving inventory totaling $13.3 million
and $12.0 million as of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007, respectively.
In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, such as
property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles
subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of
assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the
carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future
cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the
carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash
flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which
the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the
asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in
the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying
amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer
depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group
classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the
appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.
Goodwill and other intangibles not subject to amortization are
tested annually for impairment, and are tested for impairment
more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the
asset might be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized to the
extent that the carrying amount exceeds the assets fair
value. This determination is made at the reporting unit level
and consists of two steps. First, we determine the fair value of
a reporting unit and compare it to its carrying amount. Second,
if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair
value, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the
carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill and other
intangibles over the implied fair value. The implied fair value
is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit
in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in
accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business
Combinations. The residual fair value after this allocation
is the implied fair value of the reporting units goodwill
and other intangibles. As of June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007 we had goodwill of approximately
$111.3 million and $111.5 million, respectively, and
marketing franchise of $310.0 million. No goodwill
impairment was needed during the three and six months ended
June 30, 2008.
Contingencies are accounted for in accordance with
SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, or
SFAS 5. SFAS 5 requires that we record an estimated
loss from a loss contingency when information available prior to
34
issuance of our financial statements indicates that it is
probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been
incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount
of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Accounting for
contingencies such as legal and income tax matters requires us
to use judgment. Many of these legal and tax contingencies can
take years to be resolved. Generally, as the time period
increases over which the uncertainties are resolved, the
likelihood of changes to the estimate of the ultimate outcome
increases.
Deferred income tax assets have been established for net
operating loss carryforwards of certain foreign subsidiaries and
have been reduced by a valuation allowance to reflect them at
amounts estimated to be ultimately realized. The net operating
loss carryforwards expire in varying amounts over a future
period of time. Realization of the income tax carryforwards is
dependent on generating sufficient taxable income prior to
expiration of the carryforwards. Although realization is not
assured, we believe it is more likely than not that the net
carrying value of the income tax carryforwards will be realized.
The amount of the income tax carryforwards that is considered
realizable, however, could change if estimates of future taxable
income during the carryforward period are adjusted.
We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with
SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment, or
SFAS 123R. Under the fair value recognition provisions of
this statement, share-based compensation cost is measured at the
grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized as
expense over the vesting period. Determining the fair value of
share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment,
including estimating our stock price volatility and employee
stock award exercise behaviors. Our expected volatility is
primarily based upon the historical volatility of our common
shares and, due to the limited period of public trading data for
our common shares, it is also validated against the volatility
of a company peer group. The expected life of awards is based on
observed historical exercise patterns, which can vary over time.
As stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Statements
of Income is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, the
amount of expense has been reduced for estimated forfeitures.
SFAS 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time
of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if
actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Forfeitures were
estimated based on historical experience.
We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with
FIN 48, Income taxes, or FIN 48. FIN 48
addressed the determination of how tax benefits claimed or
expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the
financial statements. Under FIN 48, we must recognize the
tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more
likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on
examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical
merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the
financial statements from such a position are measured based on
the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent
likelihood of being realized upon ultimate resolution. The
impact of the adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material
impact on our results of operations, financial condition or
liquidity.
New
Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board or FASB
issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities An Amendment
of FASB Statement No. 133, or SFAS 161.
SFAS 161 expands the disclosure requirements for derivative
instruments and hedging activities. SFAS 161 specifically
requires entities to provide enhanced disclosures addressing the
following: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative
instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related
hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133,
Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,
or SFAS 133, and its related interpretations, and
(c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items
affect an entitys financial position, financial
performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for
fiscal years and interim periods beginning after
November 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the
potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS 161 on
our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position
FAS 157-2,
or FSP
FAS 157-2.
FSP
FAS 157-2
will delay the effective date of SFAS No. 157, Fair
Value Measurement, or SFAS 157, for all nonfinancial
assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except those that are
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial
statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). FSP
FAS 157-2
partially defers the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim
periods within those fiscal years for items within the scope of
35
FSP 157-2.
We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the
adoption of FSP
FAS 157-2
on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS, No. 141 (revised
2007), Business Combinations, or SFAS 141R, which
replaces SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations.
SFAS 141R establishes principles and requirements for how
an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements
the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any
non controlling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill
acquired. SFAS 141R also modifies the recognition for
preacquisition contingencies, such as environmental or legal
issues, restructuring plans and acquired research and
development value in purchase accounting. SFAS 141R amends
SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, to
require the acquirer to recognize changes in the amount of its
deferred tax benefits that are recognizable because of a
business combination either in income from continuing operations
in the period of the combination or directly in contributed
capital, depending on the circumstances. SFAS 141R also
establishes disclosure requirements which will enable users to
evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business
combination. SFAS 141R is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently
evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of
SFAS 141R on our consolidated financial statements.
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Item 3.
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Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
|
We are exposed to market risks, which arise during the normal
course of business from changes in interest rates and foreign
currency exchange rates. On a selected basis, we use derivative
financial instruments to manage or hedge these risks. All
hedging transactions are authorized and executed pursuant to
written guidelines and procedures.
We have adopted SFAS 133. SFAS 133, as amended and
interpreted, established accounting and reporting standards for
derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments
embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. All
derivatives, whether designated in hedging relationships or not,
are required to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value.
If the derivative is designated as a fair-value hedge, the
changes in the fair value of the derivative and the underlying
hedged item are recognized concurrently in earnings. If the
derivative is designated as a cash-flow hedge, changes in the
fair value of the derivative are recorded in other comprehensive
income, or OCI, and are recognized in the statement of
operations when the hedged item affects earnings. SFAS 133
defines the requirements for designation and documentation of
hedging relationships as well as ongoing effectiveness
assessments in order to use hedge accounting. For a derivative
that does not qualify as a hedge, changes in fair value are
recognized concurrently in earnings.
A discussion of our primary market risk exposures and
derivatives is presented below.
Foreign
Exchange Risk
We enter into foreign exchange derivatives in the ordinary
course of business primarily to reduce exposure to currency
fluctuations attributable to intercompany transactions and
translation of local currency revenue. All of these foreign
exchange contracts are designated as free standing derivatives
for which hedge accounting does not apply.
Foreign exchange forward contracts are used to hedge advances
between subsidiaries and to partially mitigate the impact of
foreign currency fluctuations. Foreign exchange option contracts
are also used to mitigate the impact of foreign currency
fluctuations. The objective of these contracts is to neutralize
the impact of foreign currency movements on the operating
results of our subsidiaries. The fair value of forward and
option contracts is based on third-party bank quotes. All of our
foreign exchange forward and option contracts have a maturity of
less than one year as of June 30, 2008.
36
The following table provides information about the details of
our foreign exchange forward contracts as of June 30, 2008:
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|
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Average
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|
|
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|
|
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Contract
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Notional
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Fair
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Foreign Currency
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|
Rate
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Amount
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Value
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(In millions)
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(In millions)
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At June 30, 2008
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|
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|
|
|
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Buy EUR sell MXN
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|
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16.25
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|
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$
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60.9
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|
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$
|
0.1
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Buy SEK sell EUR
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|
|
9.41
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|
|
$
|
2.6
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|
|
$
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Buy GBP sell EUR
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|
|
0.79
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|
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$
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2.5
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|
|
$
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|
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Buy MYR sell EUR
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|
5.09
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$
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0.7
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$
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Buy NZD sell EUR
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|
2.08
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$
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0.8
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$
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Buy DKK sell EUR
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7.46
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$
|
1.7
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$
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Buy PLN sell EUR
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3.36
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$
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0.2
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$
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Buy NOK sell EUR
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7.97
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|
$
|
2.4
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$
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Buy JPY sell EUR
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|
|
168.14
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|
|
$
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23.0
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|
|
$
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0.2
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Buy TWD sell EUR
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|
|
46.39
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|
|
$
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5.5
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|
$
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(0.1
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)
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Buy USD sell EUR
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|
1.54
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|
$
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177.5
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$
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(3.6
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)
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Buy USD sell BRL
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1.84
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$
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4.8
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$
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(0.5
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)
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Buy USD sell JPY
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98.79
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|
|
$
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20.4
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$
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1.2
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Buy USD sell MXN
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|
11.03
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$
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84.6
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$
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(4.0
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)
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Buy EURO sell USD
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1.53
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$
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79.1
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$
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1.7
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Buy MXN sell USD
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10.59
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$
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88.2
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$
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0.4
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Total forward contracts
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$
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554.9
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$
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(4.6
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)
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The following table provides information about the details of
our foreign exchange option contracts as of June 30, 2008:
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Average
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Fair
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Foreign Currency
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Coverage
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Strike Price
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Value
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(In millions)
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(In millions)
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Purchase Puts (Company may sell EURO/buy USD) Euro
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$
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72.6
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1.52 - 1.53
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$
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0.7
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Purchase Puts (Company may sell MXN/buy USD) Mexican Peso
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$
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88.2
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10.50 - 10.76
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$
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0.7
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total option contracts
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$
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160.8
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|
|
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$
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1.4
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All our foreign subsidiaries designate their local currencies as
their functional currency. At June 30, 2008 and
December 31, 2007, the total amount of our foreign
subsidiary cash was $138.5 million and $154.8 million,
respectively, of which $3.3 million and $8.4 million,
respectively, was invested in U.S. dollars.
Interest
Rate Risk
As of June 30, 2008, the aggregate annual maturities of the
senior secured credit facility entered into on July 2006, as
amended, were: 2008-$0.7 million; 2009-$1.5 million;
2010-$1.5 million; 2011-$1.5 million;
2012-$192.2 million and $140.9 million thereafter. The
fair value of the senior secured credit facility approximates
its carrying value of $338.3 million as of June 30,
2008 and $357.1 million as of December 31, 2007. The
senior secured credit facility bears a variable interest rate,
and on June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the
average interest rate was 3.99% and 6.26%, respectively.
Under our senior secured credit facility, we are obligated to
enter into an interest rate hedge for up to 25% of the aggregate
principal amount of term loan for a minimum of three years. On
August 23, 2006, we entered into a new interest rate swap
agreement. This agreement provides for us to pay interest for a
three-year period at a fixed rate of 5.26% on the initial
notional principal amount of $180.0 million while receiving
interest for the same period
37
at the LIBOR rate on the same notional principal amount. The
notional amount is scheduled to be reduced by $20 million
in the second, third and fourth quarters of each year commencing
January 1, 2007, throughout the term of the swap. The swap
has been designated as a cash flow hedge against the variability
in LIBOR interest rate on the new term loan at LIBOR plus 1.50%,
thereby fixing our effective rate on the notional amounts at
6.76%. As of December 31, 2007 the swap notional amount was
reduced to $100.0 million as scheduled. As of June 30,
2008, the swap notional amount was $80.0 million. As of
June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we recorded the
interest rate swap as a liability at fair value of
$1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively, with the
offsetting amounts recorded in other comprehensive income.
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Item 4.
|
Controls
And Procedures
|
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and
Procedures. Our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such
term is defined in
Rules 13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the
Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this
Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q.
Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our
Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2008.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial
Reporting. There were no changes in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(f)
and 15d-(f)
under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the fiscal quarter
ended June 30, 2008 that have materially affected, or are
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control
over financial reporting.
FORWARD
LOOKING STATEMENTS
This document contains forward-looking statements
within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of
1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. All statements other than statements of
historical fact are forward-looking statements for
purposes of federal and state securities laws, including any
projections of earnings, revenue or other financial items; any
statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management
for future operations; any statements concerning proposed new
services or developments; any statements regarding future
economic conditions or performance; any statements of belief;
and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the
foregoing. Forward-looking statements may include the words
may, will, estimate,
intend, continue, believe,
expect or anticipate and any other
similar words.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of
our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results
could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any
of our forward-looking statements. Our future financial
condition and results of operations, as well as any
forward-looking statements, are subject to change and to
inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or
incorporated by reference in our filings with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. Important factors that could cause our
actual results, performance and achievements, or industry
results to differ materially from estimates or projections
contained in our forward-looking statements include, among
others, the following:
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our relationship with, and our ability to influence the actions
of, our distributors;
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adverse publicity associated with our products or network
marketing organization;
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uncertainties relating to interpretation and enforcement of
recently enacted legislation in China governing direct selling;
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our inability to obtain the necessary licenses to expand our
direct selling business in China;
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|
adverse changes in the Chinese economy, Chinese legal system or
Chinese governmental policies;
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|
improper action by our employees or international distributors
in violation of applicable law;
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changing consumer preferences and demands;
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38
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|
loss or departure of any member of our senior management team
which could negatively impact our distributor relations and
operating results;
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|
the competitive nature of our business;
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|
regulatory matters governing our products, including potential
governmental or regulatory actions concerning the safety or
efficacy of our products, and network marketing program
including the direct selling market in which we operate;
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risks associated with operating internationally, including
foreign exchange and devaluation risks;
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our dependence on increased penetration of existing markets;
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contractual limitations on our ability to expand our business;
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|
our reliance on our information technology infrastructure and
outside manufacturers;
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|
the sufficiency of trademarks and other intellectual property
rights;
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|
product concentration;
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|
our reliance on our management team;
|
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|
uncertainties relating to the application of transfer pricing,
duties, value added taxes, and similar tax regulations;
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|
taxation relating to our distributors;
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|
product liability claims; and
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|
whether we will purchase any of our shares in the open markets
or otherwise.
|
Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ
materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth in
this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q,
including under the heading Risk Factors,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations and in our
Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes.
Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
speak only as of the date hereof, and forward-looking statements
in documents attached that are incorporated by reference speak
only as of the date of those documents. We do not undertake any
obligation to update or release any revisions to any
forward-looking statement or to report any events or
circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence
of unanticipated events, except as required by law.
PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION
|
|
Item 1.
|
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
|
See discussion under Note 4 to the Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of
Part I of this Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q,
which is incorporated herein by reference.
On September 20, 2007, the Company was orally advised by
the Los Angeles Regional Office of the Securities and Exchange
Commission, or the SEC, that the SEC had issued a formal order
of investigation into the timing of trading in Herbalife
securities by a former mid-level employee. The Company does not
believe these trades involve the Company itself. In addition, on
November 1, 2007, the Company received a voluntary request
for the production of documents from the staff of the Los
Angeles Regional Office of the SEC regarding the extent of
personal use of Herbalife products by the Companys
distributors and the Companys related policies and
procedures. The SEC has advised the Company that its inquiry
should not be construed as an adverse reflection on any person,
the Company or its common shares, or as an indication from the
SEC or its staff that any violation of law has occurred. On
June 19, 2008, the Company received written notification
from the SEC that it had concluded its investigations and that
it did not intend to recommend any enforcement action be taken
by the SEC against the Company. The Company cooperated fully
with the staff of the SEC in these matters.
39
Our
failure to establish and maintain distributor relationships for
any reason could negatively impact sales of our products and
harm our financial condition and operating
results.
We distribute our products exclusively through over
1.8 million independent distributors, and we depend upon
them directly for substantially all of our sales. To increase
our revenue, we must increase the number of, or the productivity
of, our distributors. Accordingly, our success depends in
significant part upon our ability to recruit, retain and
motivate a large base of distributors. There is a high rate of
turnover among our distributors, a characteristic of the network
marketing business. The loss of a significant number of
distributors for any reason could negatively impact sales of our
products and could impair our ability to attract new
distributors. In our efforts to attract and retain distributors,
we compete with other network marketing organizations, including
those in the weight management, dietary and nutritional
supplement and personal care and cosmetic product industries.
Our operating results could be harmed if our existing and new
business opportunities and products do not generate sufficient
interest to retain existing distributors and attract new
distributors.
In light of the high year-over-year rate of turnover in our
distributor base, we have our supervisors re-qualify annually in
order to help us maintain a more accurate count of their
numbers. For the latest twelve month re-qualification period
ending January 2008, 41.0% of our supervisors re-qualified.
Distributors who purchase our product for personal consumption
or for short-term income goals may stay with us for several
months to one year. Supervisors who have committed time and
effort to build a sales organization will generally stay for
longer periods. Distributors have highly variable levels of
training, skills and capabilities. The turnover rate of our
distributors, and our operating results, can be adversely
impacted if we, and our senior distributor leadership, do not
provide the necessary mentoring, training and business support
tools for new distributors to become successful sales people in
a short period of time.
We estimate that, of our over 1.8 million independent
distributors, we had approximately 412,000 sales leaders as of
June 30, 2008. These sales leaders, together with their
downline sales organizations, account for substantially all of
our revenues. Our distributors, including our sales leaders, may
voluntarily terminate their distributor agreements with us at
any time. The loss of a group of leading sales leaders, together
with their downline sales organizations, or the loss of a
significant number of distributors for any reason, could
negatively impact sales of our products, impair our ability to
attract new distributors and harm our financial condition and
operating results.
Since
we cannot exert the same level of influence or control over our
independent distributors as we could were they our own
employees, our distributors could fail to comply with our
distributor policies and procedures, which could result in
claims against us that could harm our financial condition and
operating results.
Excluding our China sales employees, our distributors are
independent contractors and, accordingly, we are not in a
position to directly provide the same direction, motivation and
oversight as we would if distributors were our own employees. As
a result, there can be no assurance that our distributors will
participate in our marketing strategies or plans, accept our
introduction of new products, or comply with our distributor
policies and procedures.
Extensive federal, state and local laws regulate our business,
products and network marketing program. Because we have expanded
into foreign countries, our policies and procedures for our
independent distributors differ due to the different legal
requirements of each country in which we do business. While we
have implemented distributor policies and procedures designed to
govern distributor conduct and to protect the goodwill
associated with Herbalife trademarks and tradenames, it can be
difficult to enforce these policies and procedures because of
the large number of distributors and their independent status.
Violations by our independent distributors of applicable law or
of our policies and procedures in dealing with customers could
reflect negatively on our products and operations and harm our
business reputation. In addition, it is possible that a court
could hold us civilly or criminally accountable based on
vicarious liability because of the actions of our independent
distributors.
40
Adverse
publicity associated with our products, ingredients or network
marketing program, or those of similar companies, could harm our
financial condition and operating results.
The size of our distribution force and the results of our
operations may be significantly affected by the publics
perception of the Company and similar companies. This perception
is dependent upon opinions concerning:
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|
|
|
|
the safety and quality of our products and ingredients;
|
|
|
|
the safety and quality of similar products and ingredients
distributed by other companies;
|
|
|
|
our distributors;
|
|
|
|
our network marketing program; and
|
|
|
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the direct selling business generally.
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Adverse publicity concerning any actual or purported failure of
our Company or our independent distributors to comply with
applicable laws and regulations regarding product claims and
advertising, good manufacturing practices, the regulation of our
network marketing program, the licensing of our products for
sale in our target markets or other aspects of our business,
whether or not resulting in enforcement actions or the
imposition of penalties, could have an adverse effect on the
goodwill of our Company and could negatively affect our ability
to attract, motivate and retain distributors, which would
negatively impact our ability to generate revenue. We cannot
ensure that all distributors will comply with applicable legal
requirements relating to the advertising, labeling, licensing or
distribution of our products.
In addition, our distributors and consumers
perception of the safety and quality of our products and
ingredients as well as similar products and ingredients
distributed by other companies can be significantly influenced
by media attention, publicized scientific research or findings,
widespread product liability claims and other publicity
concerning our products or ingredients or similar products and
ingredients distributed by other companies. For example, in May
2008 public allegations were made that certain of our products
contain excessive amounts of lead thereby triggering disclosure
and labeling requirements under California Proposition 65.
While we have confidence in our products because they fall
within the FDA suggested guidelines for the amount of lead that
consumers can safely ingest and do not believe they trigger
disclosure or labeling requirements under California
Proposition 65, negative publicity such as this can disrupt
our business. Adverse publicity, whether or not accurate or
resulting from consumers use or misuse of our products,
that associates consumption of our products or ingredients or
any similar products or ingredients with illness or other
adverse effects, questions the benefits of our or similar
products or claims that any such products are ineffective,
inappropriately labeled or have inaccurate instructions as to
their use, could lead to lawsuits or other legal challenges and
could negatively impact our reputation, the market demand for
our products, or our general business.
From time to time we receive inquiries from government agencies
and third parties requesting information concerning our
products. We fully cooperate with these inquiries including,
when requested, by the submission of detailed technical dossiers
addressing product composition, manufacturing, process control,
quality assurance, and contaminant testing. We understand that
such materials are undergoing review by regulators in certain
markets. In the course of one such inquiry the Spanish Ministry
of Health elected to issue a press release to inform the public
of their on-going inquiry and dialogue with our Company. We are
confident in the safety of our products when used as directed.
However, there can be no assurance that regulators in these or
other markets will not take actions that might delay or prevent
the introduction of new products, or require the reformulation
or the temporary or permanent withdrawal of certain of our
existing products from their markets.
Adverse publicity relating to us, our products or our
operations, including our network marketing program or the
attractiveness or viability of the financial opportunities
provided thereby, has had, and could again have, a negative
effect on our ability to attract, motivate and retain
distributors. In the mid-1980s, our products and marketing
program became the subject of regulatory scrutiny in the United
States, resulting in large part from claims and representations
made about our products by our independent distributors,
including impermissible therapeutic claims. The resulting
adverse publicity caused a rapid, substantial loss of
distributors in the United States and a corresponding reduction
in sales beginning in 1985. We expect that negative publicity
will, from time to time, continue to negatively impact our
business in particular markets.
41
Our
failure to appropriately respond to changing consumer
preferences and demand for new products or product enhancements
could significantly harm our distributor and customer
relationships and product sales and harm our financial condition
and operating results.
Our business is subject to changing consumer trends and
preferences, especially with respect to weight management
products. Our continued success depends in part on our ability
to anticipate and respond to these changes, and we may not
respond in a timely or commercially appropriate manner to such
changes. Furthermore, the nutritional supplement industry is
characterized by rapid and frequent changes in demand for
products and new product introductions and enhancements. Our
failure to accurately predict these trends could negatively
impact consumer opinion of our products, which in turn could
harm our customer and distributor relationships and cause the
loss of sales. The success of our new product offerings and
enhancements depends upon a number of factors, including our
ability to:
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accurately anticipate customer needs;
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innovate and develop new products or product enhancements that
meet these needs;
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successfully commercialize new products or product enhancements
in a timely manner;
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price our products competitively;
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manufacture and deliver our products in sufficient volumes and
in a timely manner; and
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differentiate our product offerings from those of our
competitors.
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If we do not introduce new products or make enhancements to meet
the changing needs of our customers in a timely manner, some of
our products could be rendered obsolete, which could negatively
impact our revenues, financial condition and operating results.
Due to
the high level of competition in our industry, we might fail to
retain our customers and distributors, which would harm our
financial condition and operating results.
The business of marketing weight management and nutrition
products is highly competitive and sensitive to the introduction
of new products or weight management plans, including various
prescription drugs, which may rapidly capture a significant
share of the market. These market segments include numerous
manufacturers, distributors, marketers, retailers and physicians
that actively compete for the business of consumers both in the
United States and abroad. In addition, we anticipate that we
will be subject to increasing competition in the future from
sellers that utilize electronic commerce. Some of these
competitors have longer operating histories, significantly
greater financial, technical, product development, marketing and
sales resources, greater name recognition, larger established
customer bases and better-developed distribution channels than
we do. Our present or future competitors may be able to develop
products that are comparable or superior to those we offer,
adapt more quickly than we do to new technologies, evolving
industry trends and standards or customer requirements, or
devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale
of their products than we do. For example, if our competitors
develop other diet or weight loss treatments that prove to be
more effective than our products, demand for our products could
be reduced. Accordingly, we may not be able to compete
effectively in our markets and competition may intensify.
We are also subject to significant competition for the
recruitment of distributors from other network marketing
organizations, including those that market weight management
products, dietary and nutritional supplements and personal care
products as well as other types of products. We compete for
global customers and distributors with regard to weight
management, nutritional supplement and personal care products.
Our competitors include both direct selling companies such as
NuSkin Enterprises, Natures Sunshine, Alticor/Amway,
Melaleuca, Avon Products, Oriflame and Mary Kay, as well as
retail establishments such as Weight Watchers, Jenny Craig,
General Nutrition Centers, Wal-Mart and retail pharmacies.
In addition, because the industry in which we operate is not
particularly capital intensive or otherwise subject to high
barriers to entry, it is relatively easy for new competitors to
emerge who will compete with us for our distributors and
customers. In addition, the fact that our distributors may
easily enter and exit our network
42
marketing program contributes to the level of competition that
we face. For example, a distributor can enter or exit our
network marketing system with relative ease at any time without
facing a significant investment or loss of capital because
(1) we have a low upfront financial cost to become a
Herbalife distributor, (2) we do not require any specific
amount of time to work as a distributor, (3) we do not
insist on any special training to be a distributor and
(4) we do not prohibit a new distributor from working with
another company. Our ability to remain competitive therefore
depends, in significant part, on our success in recruiting and
retaining distributors through an attractive compensation plan,
the maintenance of an attractive product portfolio and other
incentives. We cannot ensure that our programs for recruitment
and retention of distributors will be successful, and if they
are not, our financial condition and operating results would be
harmed.
We are
affected by extensive laws, governmental regulations,
administrative determinations, court decisions and similar
constraints both domestically and abroad, and our failure or our
distributors failure to comply with these restraints could
lead to the imposition of significant penalties or claims, which
could harm our financial condition and operating
results.
In both domestic and foreign markets, the formulation,
manufacturing, packaging, labeling, distribution, importation,
exportation, licensing, sale and storage of our products are
affected by extensive laws, governmental regulations,
administrative determinations, court decisions and similar
constraints. Such laws, regulations and other constraints may
exist at the federal, state or local levels in the United States
and at all levels of government in foreign jurisdictions. There
can be no assurance that we or our distributors are in
compliance with all of these regulations. Our failure or our
distributors failure to comply with these regulations or
new regulations could lead to the imposition of significant
penalties or claims and could negatively impact our business. In
addition, the adoption of new regulations or changes in the
interpretations of existing regulations may result in
significant compliance costs or discontinuation of product sales
and may negatively impact the marketing of our products,
resulting in significant loss of sales revenues.
In April, 2006, the FTC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking
which, if implemented in its originally proposed form, would
have regulated all sellers of business opportunities
in the United States. As originally proposed this rule would
have applied to us and, if adopted in its proposed form, could
have adversely impacted our U.S. business. On
March 18, 2008, the FTC issued a revised proposed rule and,
as indicated in the announcement accompanying the proposed rule,
the revised proposal does not attempt to cover multilevel
marketing companies such as Herbalife. If the revised rule were
implemented as it is now proposed, we believe that it would not
significantly impact our U.S. business. Based on
information currently available, we anticipate that the rule may
require a year or more to become final.
Governmental regulations in countries where we plan to commence
or expand operations may prevent or delay entry into those
markets. In addition, our ability to sustain satisfactory levels
of sales in our markets is dependent in significant part on our
ability to introduce additional products into such markets.
However, governmental regulations in our markets, both domestic
and international, can delay or prevent the introduction, or
require the reformulation or withdrawal, of certain of our
products. For example, during the third quarter of 1995, we
received inquiries from certain governmental agencies within
Germany and Portugal regarding our product,
Thermojetics®
Instant Herbal Beverage, relating to the caffeine content of
the product and the status of the product as an instant
tea, which was disfavored by regulators, versus a
beverage. Although we initially suspended the
product sale in Germany and Portugal at the request of the
regulators, we successfully reintroduced it once regulatory
issues were satisfactorily resolved. In another example, during
the second quarter of 2008 the Spanish Ministry of Health issued
a press release informing the public of its on-going inquiry
into the safety of our Companys products sold in Spain.
Any such regulatory action, whether or not it results in a final
determination adverse to us, could create negative publicity,
with detrimental effects on the motivation and recruitment of
distributors and, consequently, on sales.
On June 25, 2007, the FDA published its final rule for
cGMPs affecting the manufacture, packing, and holding of dietary
supplements. The final rule requires identity testing on all
incoming dietary ingredients, but permits the use of
certificates of analysis or other documentation to verify the
reliability of the ingredient suppliers. On the same date the
FDA also published an interim final rule that outlined a
petition process for manufacturers to request an exemption to
the cGMP requirement for 100 percent identity testing of
specific dietary ingredients used in the
43
processing of dietary supplements. Under the interim final rule
the manufacturer may be exempted from the dietary ingredient
testing requirement if it can provide sufficient documentation
that the reduced frequency of testing requested would still
ensure the identity of the dietary ingredient. The final rule
includes a phased-in effective date based on the size of the
manufacturer. The final rule and the interim final rule became
effective August 24, 2007. To limit any disruption for
dietary supplements produced by small businesses the final rule
has a three year phase in for small businesses. Firms that
directly employ more than 500 full-time equivalent
employees must have achieved compliance with the new cGMPs by
June 25, 2008, while firms having between
20-500 full-time
equivalent employees must be compliant by 2009 and firms having
under 20 full-time equivalent employees must be compliant
by 2010. Herbalife initiated enhancements, modifications and
improvements to its manufacturing and corporate quality
processes and believes we are compliant with the FDAs cGMP
final rule with respect to dietary supplements sold by Herbalife
in the United States that the Company produces at its Suzhou,
China facility and that are produced by contract manufacturer
NBTY. These rules apply only to manufacturers and holders of
finished products and not to ingredient suppliers unless the
ingredient supplier is manufacturing a final dietary supplement.
The final rule differs from the FDAs 2003 proposed rule as
it does not contain language regarding the regulatory status of
excipients and other ingredients that are not dietary
ingredients. Instead, the final rule relies on a
requirement to comply with all other relevant regulations.
Further, the final rule does not call for any specific finished
product testing program nor does it require 100% testing of all
finished products. Instead the final rule calls for a
scientifically valid system for ensuring that
finished products meet all specifications. The final cGMP rules
will result in additional costs and possibly the need to seek
alternate suppliers.
Our
network marketing program could be found to be not in compliance
with current or newly adopted laws or regulations in one or more
markets, which could prevent us from conducting our business in
these markets and harm our financial condition and operating
results.
Our network marketing program is subject to a number of federal
and state regulations administered by the FTC and various state
agencies in the United States as well as regulations on direct
selling in foreign markets administered by foreign agencies. We
are subject to the risk that, in one or more markets, our
network marketing program could be found not to be in compliance
with applicable law or regulations. Regulations applicable to
network marketing organizations generally are directed at
preventing fraudulent or deceptive schemes, often referred to as
pyramid or chain sales schemes, by
ensuring that product sales ultimately are made to consumers and
that advancement within an organization is based on sales of the
organizations products rather than investments in the
organization or other non-retail sales-related criteria. The
regulatory requirements concerning network marketing programs do
not include bright line rules and are inherently
fact-based, and thus, even in jurisdictions where we believe
that our network marketing program is in full compliance with
applicable laws or regulations governing network marketing
systems, we are subject to the risk that these laws or
regulations or the enforcement or interpretation of these laws
and regulations by governmental agencies or courts can change.
The failure of our network marketing program to comply with
current or newly adopted regulations could negatively impact our
business in a particular market or in general.
We are also subject to the risk of private party challenges to
the legality of our network marketing program. The multi-level
marketing programs of other companies have been successfully
challenged in the past, and in a current lawsuit, allegations
have been made challenging the legality of our network marketing
program in Belgium. Test Ankoop-Test Achat, a Belgian consumer
protection organization, sued Herbalife International Belgium,
S.V., or HIB, on August 26, 2004, alleging that HIB
violated Article 84 of the Belgian Fair Trade Practices Act
by engaging in pyramid selling, i.e., establishing a
network of professional or non-professional sales people who
hope to make a profit more through the expansion of that network
than through the sale of products to end-consumers. The
plaintiff is seeking a payment of 25,000 (equal to
approximately $39,500 as of June 30, 2008) per
purported violation as well as costs of the trial. For the year
ended December 31, 2007, our net sales in Belgium were
approximately $16.0 million. Currently, the lawsuit is in
the pleading stage. The plaintiffs filed their initial brief on
September 27, 2005. We filed a reply brief on May 9,
2006. There is no date yet for the oral hearings. An adverse
judicial determination with respect to our network marketing
program, or in proceedings not involving us directly but which
challenge the legality of multi-level marketing systems, in
Belgium or in any other market in which we operate, could
negatively impact our business.
44
We learned on November 5, 2007 that Barry Minkow of the
Fraud Discovery Institute had published a letter, dated
October 29, 2007, to certain officials of the government of
the Peoples Republic of China. The letter includes
numerous allegations of allegedly wrongful conduct by Herbalife
and its employees in China and elsewhere. Mr. Minkows
letter attacks, among other things, our business practices in
China as illegal under Chinese law. Contrary to the allegations
in the letter, we have acted in a responsible manner with regard
to our business plans in China including retaining knowledgeable
Chinese counsel to assist it in complying with Chinese law. In
connection with our application for our direct selling license
in China, our plan and methods for business in China were
reviewed by members of the state and provincial governments of
China and an initial license was granted in March 2007 and a
subsequent expansion of that license was granted in July 2007.
In addition, we have designed and implemented systems and
financial and operational controls intended to ensure compliance
with applicable law. Mr. Minkow has subsequently published
additional allegations regarding the Company, the Companys
senior management team, and the Companys business
practices in China and elsewhere. We believe that our plan and
methods for business in China and elsewhere are in compliance
with applicable law and we believe that the alleged
misrepresentations from the Companys senior management
team are unfounded, without basis or substantiation, and do not
constitute misrepresentations.
A
substantial portion of our business is conducted in foreign
markets, exposing us to the risks of trade or foreign exchange
restrictions, increased tariffs, foreign currency fluctuations
and similar risks associated with foreign
operations.
Approximately 80% of our net sales for the year ended
December 31, 2007, were generated outside the United
States, exposing our business to risks associated with foreign
operations. For example, a foreign government may impose trade
or foreign exchange restrictions or increased tariffs, which
could negatively impact our operations. We are also exposed to
risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations. For
instance, purchases from suppliers are generally made in
U.S. dollars while sales to distributors are generally made
in local currencies. Accordingly, strengthening of the
U.S. dollar versus a foreign currency could have a negative
impact on us. Although we engage in transactions to protect
against risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations, we
cannot be certain any hedging activity will effectively reduce
our exchange rate exposure. Our operations in some markets also
may be adversely affected by political, economic and social
instability in foreign countries. As we continue to focus on
expanding our existing international operations, these and other
risks associated with international operations may increase,
which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
Currency restrictions enacted by the Venezuelan government in
2003 have become more restrictive and have impacted the ability
of our subsidiary in Venezuela, or Herbalife Venezuela, to
obtain U.S. dollars at the official foreign exchange rate.
Unless our ability to obtain U.S. dollars at the official
foreign exchange rate is made more readily available, the
results of Herbalife Venezuelas operations could be
negatively impacted as it may need to obtain more
U.S. dollars from alternative sources where the exchange
rate is weaker than the official rate.
Our
expansion in China is subject to general, as well as
industry-specific, economic, political and legal developments
and risks in China and requires that we utilize a different
business model from which we use elsewhere in the
world.
Our expansion of operations into China is subject to risks and
uncertainties related to general economic, political and legal
developments in China, among other things. The Chinese
government exercises significant control over the Chinese
economy, including but not limited to controlling capital
investments, allocating resources, setting monetary policy,
controlling foreign exchange and monitoring foreign exchange
rates, implementing and overseeing tax regulations, providing
preferential treatment to certain industry segments or companies
and issuing necessary licenses to conduct business. Accordingly,
any adverse change in the Chinese economy, the Chinese legal
system or Chinese governmental, economic or other policies could
have a material adverse effect on our business in China and our
prospects generally.
45
In August 2005, China published regulations governing direct
selling (effective December 1, 2005) and prohibiting
pyramid promotional schemes (effective November 1, 2005),
and a number of administrative methods and proclamations were
issued in September 2005 and in September 2006. These
regulations require us to use a business model different from
that which we offer in other markets. To allow us to operate
under these regulations, we have created and introduced a model
specifically for China. In China, we have Company-operated
retail stores that sell through employed sales management
personnel to customers and preferred customers. We provide
training and certification procedures for sales personnel in
China. We also have non-employee sales representatives who sell
through our retail stores. Our sales representatives are also
permitted by the terms of our direct selling license to sell
away from fixed retail locations in the provinces of Jiangsu,
Guangdong, Shandong, Zhejiang, and Guizhou. In addition, our
direct selling license for Beijing will permit us to sell away
from fixed retail locations once we have established service
outlets in that province. These features are not common to the
business model we employ elsewhere in the world, and based on
the direct selling licenses we have received and the terms of
those which we hope to receive in the future to conduct a direct
selling enterprise in China, our business model in China will
continue in some part to incorporate such features. The direct
selling regulations require us to apply for various approvals to
conduct a direct selling enterprise in China. The process for
obtaining the necessary licenses to conduct a direct selling
business is protracted and cumbersome and involves multiple
layers of Chinese governmental authorities and numerous
governmental employees at each layer. While direct selling
licenses are centrally issued, such licenses are generally valid
only in the jurisdictions within which related approvals have
been obtained. Such approvals are generally awarded on local and
provincial bases, and the approval process requires involvement
with multiple ministries at each level. Our participation and
conduct during the approval process is guided not only by
distinct Chinese practices and customs, but is also subject to
applicable laws of China and the other jurisdictions in which we
operate our business, including the U.S., and our internal code
of ethics. There is always a risk that in attempting to comply
with local customs and practices in China during the application
process or otherwise, we will fail to comply with requirements
applicable to us in China itself or in other jurisdictions, and
any such failure to comply with applicable requirements could
prevent us from obtaining the direct selling licenses or related
local or provincial approvals. Furthermore, we rely on certain
key personnel in China to assist us during the approval process,
and the loss of any such key personnel could delay or hinder our
ability to obtain licenses or related approvals. For all of the
above reasons, there can be no assurance that we will obtain
additional direct-selling licenses, or obtain related approvals
to expand into any or all of the localities or provinces in
China that are important to our business. Our inability to
obtain, retain, or renew any or all of the licenses or related
approvals that are required for us to operate in China would
negatively impact our business.
Additionally, although certain regulations have been published
with respect to obtaining such approvals, operating under such
approvals and otherwise conducting business in China, others are
pending, and there is uncertainty regarding the interpretation
and enforcement of Chinese regulations. The regulatory
environment in China is evolving, and officials in the Chinese
government exercise broad discretion in deciding how to
interpret and apply regulations. We cannot be certain that our
business model will continue to be deemed by national or local
Chinese regulatory authorities to be compliant with any such
regulations. In the past, the Chinese government has rigorously
monitored the direct selling market in China, and has taken
serious action against companies that the government believed
were engaging in activities they regarded to be in violation of
applicable law, including shutting down their businesses and
imposing substantial fines. As a result, there can be no
guarantee that the Chinese governments current or future
interpretation and application of the existing and new
regulations will not negatively impact our business in China,
result in regulatory investigations or lead to fines or
penalties against us or our Chinese distributors.
Chinese regulations prevent persons who are not Chinese
nationals from engaging in direct selling in China. We cannot
guarantee that any of our distributors living outside of China
or any of our independent sales representatives or employed
sales management personnel in China have not engaged or will not
engage in activities that violate our policies in this market,
or that violate Chinese law or other applicable law, and
therefore result in regulatory action and adverse publicity.
Recently, China enacted a labor contract law which is expected
to become effective in 2008. We are reviewing the new law to
determine what changes, if any, will be required in our
employment contracts and contractual relations with our
employees, which include certain of our salespersons. There is
no guarantee that the new law will
46
not adversely impact us, force us to change our treatment of our
distributor employees, or cause us to change our operating plan
for China.
If our operations in China are successful, we may experience
rapid growth in China, and there can be no assurances that we
will be able to successfully manage rapid expansion of
manufacturing operations and a rapidly growing and dynamic sales
force. There also can be no assurances that we will not
experience difficulties in dealing with or taking employment
related actions (such as hiring, terminations and salary
administration, including social benefit payments) with respect
to our employed sales representatives, particularly given the
highly regulated nature of the employment relationship in China.
If we are unable to effectively manage such growth and expansion
of our retail stores, manufacturing operations or our employees,
our government relations may be compromised and our operations
in China may be harmed.
Our China business model, particularly with regard to sales
management responsibilities and remuneration, differs from our
traditional business model. There is a risk that such changes
and transitions may not be understood by our distributors or
employees, may be viewed negatively by our distributors or
employees, or may not be correctly utilized by our distributors
or employees. If that is the case, our business could be
negatively impacted.
If we
fail to further penetrate existing markets or successfully
expand our business into new markets, then the growth in sales
of our products, along with our operating results, could be
negatively impacted.
The success of our business is to a large extent contingent on
our ability to continue to grow by entering new markets and
further penetrating existing markets. Our ability to further
penetrate existing markets or to successfully expand our
business into additional countries in Eastern Europe, Southeast
Asia, South America or elsewhere, to the extent we believe that
we have identified attractive geographic expansion opportunities
in the future, is subject to numerous factors, many of which are
out of our control.
In addition, government regulations in both our domestic and
international markets can delay or prevent the introduction, or
require the reformulation or withdrawal, of some of our
products, which could negatively impact our business, financial
condition and results of operations. Also, our ability to
increase market penetration in certain countries may be limited
by the finite number of persons in a given country inclined to
pursue a direct selling business opportunity or consumers
willing to purchase Herbalife products. Moreover, our growth
will depend upon improved training and other activities that
enhance distributor retention in our markets. While we have
recently experienced significant growth in certain of our
markets, we cannot assure you that such growth levels will
continue in the immediate or long term future. Furthermore, our
efforts to support growth in such international markets could be
hampered to the extent that our infrastructure in such markets
is deficient when compared to our more developed markets, such
as the U.S. Therefore, we cannot assure you that our
general efforts to increase our market penetration and
distributor retention in existing markets will be successful. If
we are unable to continue to expand into new markets or further
penetrate existing markets, our operating results would suffer.
Our
contractual obligation to sell our products only through our
Herbalife distributor network and to refrain from changing
certain aspects of our marketing plan may limit our
growth.
We are a party to an agreement with our distributors that
provides assurances that a change in ownership will not
negatively affect certain aspects of their business. Through
this agreement, we committed to our distributors that we will
not sell Herbalife products through any distribution channel
other than our network of independent Herbalife distributors.
Thus, we are contractually prohibited from expanding our
business by selling Herbalife products through other
distribution channels that may be available to our competitors,
such as over the internet, through wholesale sales, by
establishing retail stores or through mail order systems. Since
this is an open-ended commitment, there can be no assurance that
we will be able to take advantage of innovative new distribution
channels that are developed in the future.
In addition, our agreement with our distributors provides that
we will not change certain aspects of our marketing plan without
the consent of a specified percentage of our distributors. For
example, our agreement with our distributors provides that we
may increase, but not decrease, the discount percentages
available to our distributors for the purchase of products or
the applicable royalty override percentages, including
roll-ups,
and production and other bonus percentages available to our
distributors at various qualification levels within our
47
distributor hierarchy. We may not modify the eligibility or
qualification criteria for these discounts, royalty overrides
and production and other bonuses unless we do so in a manner to
make eligibility
and/or
qualification easier than under the applicable criteria in
effect as of the date of the agreement. Our agreement with our
distributors further provides that we may not vary the criteria
for qualification for each distributor tier within our
distributor hierarchy, unless we do so in such a way so as to
make qualification easier.
Although we reserved the right to make these changes to our
marketing plan without the consent of our distributors in the
event that changes are required by applicable law or are
necessary in our reasonable business judgment to account for
specific local market or currency conditions to achieve a
reasonable profit on operations, there can be no assurance that
our agreement with our distributors will not restrict our
ability to adapt our marketing plan to the evolving requirements
of the markets in which we operate. As a result, our growth may
be limited.
We
depend on the integrity and reliability of our information
technology infrastructure, and any related inadequacies may
result in substantial interruptions to our
business.
Our ability to timely provide products to our distributors and
their customers, and services to our distributors, depends on
the integrity of our information technology system, which we are
in the process of upgrading, including the reliability of
software and services supplied by our vendors. We are
implementing an Oracle enterprise-wide technology solution, a
scalable and stable open architecture platform, to enhance our
and our distributors efficiency and productivity. In
addition, we are upgrading our internet-based marketing and
distributor services platform, MyHerbalife.com.
The most important aspect of our information technology
infrastructure is the system through which we record and track
distributor sales, volume points, royalty overrides, bonuses and
other incentives. We have encountered, and may encounter in the
future, errors in our software or our enterprise network, or
inadequacies in the software and services supplied by our
vendors, although to date none of these errors or inadequacies
has had a meaningful adverse impact on our business. Any such
errors or inadequacies that we may encounter in the future may
result in substantial interruptions to our services and may
damage our relationships with, or cause us to lose, our
distributors if the errors or inadequacies impair our ability to
track sales and pay royalty overrides, bonuses and other
incentives, which would harm our financial condition and
operating results. Such errors may be expensive or difficult to
correct in a timely manner, and we may have little or no control
over whether any inadequacies in software or services supplied
to us by third parties are corrected, if at all.
Since
we rely on independent third parties for the manufacture and
supply of our products, if these third parties fail to reliably
supply products to us at required levels of quality, then our
financial condition and operating results would be
harmed.
All of our products are manufactured by outside companies,
except for a small amount of products manufactured in our own
manufacturing facility in China. We cannot assure you that our
outside manufacturers will continue to reliably supply products
to us at the levels of quality, or the quantities, we require,
especially under the FDAs recently adopted cGMP
regulations.
Our supply contracts generally have a two-year term. Except for
force majeure events such as natural disasters and other acts of
God, and non-performance by Herbalife, our manufacturers
generally cannot unilaterally terminate these contracts. These
contracts can generally be extended by us at the end of the
relevant time period and we have exercised this right in the
past. Globally we have over 40 suppliers of our products. For
our major products, we have both primary and secondary
suppliers. Our major suppliers include Natures Bounty for
protein powders, Fine Foods (Italy) for protein powders and
nutritional supplements, PharmaChem Labs for teas and
Niteworks®
and JB Labs for fiber. In the event any of our third-party
manufacturers were to become unable or unwilling to continue to
provide us with products in required volumes and at suitable
quality levels, we would be required to identify and obtain
acceptable replacement manufacturing sources. There is no
assurance that we would be able to obtain alternative
manufacturing sources on a timely basis. An extended
interruption in the supply of products would result in the loss
of sales. In addition, any actual or perceived degradation of
product quality as a result of reliance on third party
manufacturers may have an adverse effect on sales or result in
increased product returns and buybacks. Also, as we experience
ingredient and product price pressure in the areas of soy, dairy
48
products, plastics, and transportation reflecting global
economic trends, we believe that we have the ability to mitigate
some of these cost increases through improved optimization of
our supply chain coupled with select increases in the retail
prices of our products.
If we
fail to protect our trademarks and tradenames, then our ability
to compete could be negatively affected, which would harm our
financial condition and operating results.
The market for our products depends to a significant extent upon
the goodwill associated with our trademark and tradenames. We
own, or have licenses to use, the material trademark and trade
name rights used in connection with the packaging, marketing and
distribution of our products in the markets where those products
are sold. Therefore, trademark and trade name protection is
important to our business. Although most of our trademarks are
registered in the United States and in certain foreign countries
in which we operate, we may not be successful in asserting
trademark or trade name protection. In addition, the laws of
certain foreign countries may not protect our intellectual
property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United
States. The loss or infringement of our trademarks or tradenames
could impair the goodwill associated with our brands and harm
our reputation, which would harm our financial condition and
operating results.
Unlike in most of the other markets in which we operate, limited
protection of intellectual property is available under Chinese
law. Accordingly, we face an increased risk in China that
unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain or
use our trademarks, copyrights, product formulations or other
intellectual property. Further, since Chinese commercial law is
relatively undeveloped, we may have limited legal recourse in
the event we encounter significant difficulties with
intellectual property theft or infringement. As a result, we
cannot assure you that we will be able to adequately protect our
product formulations or other intellectual property.
We permit the limited use of our trademarks by our independent
distributors to assist them in the marketing of our products. It
is possible that doing so may increase the risk of unauthorized
use or misuse of our trademarks in markets where their
registration status differs from that asserted by our
independent distributors, or they may be used in association
with claims or products in a manner not permitted under
applicable laws and regulations. Were this to occur it is
possible that this could diminish the value of these marks or
otherwise impair our further use of these marks.
If our
distributors fail to comply with labeling laws, then our
financial condition and operating results would be
harmed.
Although the physical labeling of our products is not within the
control of our independent distributors, our distributors must
nevertheless advertise our products in compliance with the
extensive regulations that exist in certain jurisdictions, such
as the United States, which considers product advertising to be
labeling for regulatory purposes.
Our products are sold principally as foods, dietary supplements
and cosmetics and are subject to rigorous FDA and related legal
regimens limiting the types of therapeutic claims that can be
made for our products. The treatment or cure of disease, for
example, is not a permitted claim for these products. While we
train and attempt to monitor our distributors marketing
materials, we cannot ensure that all such materials comply with
applicable regulations, including bans on therapeutic claims. If
our distributors fail to comply with these restrictions, then we
and our distributors could be subjected to claims, financial
penalties, mandatory product recalls or relabeling requirements,
which could harm our financial condition and operating results.
Although we expect that our responsibility for the actions of
our independent distributors in such an instance would be
dependent on a determination that we either controlled or
condoned a noncompliant advertising practice, there can be no
assurance that we could not be held vicariously responsible for
the actions of our independent distributors.
If our
intellectual property is not adequate to provide us with a
competitive advantage or to prevent competitors from replicating
our products, or if we infringe the intellectual property rights
of others, then our financial condition and operating results
would be harmed.
Our future success and ability to compete depend upon our
ability to timely produce innovative products and product
enhancements that motivate our distributors and customers, which
we attempt to protect under a
49
combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws,
confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions. However,
our products are generally not patented domestically or abroad,
and the legal protections afforded by common law and contractual
proprietary rights in our products provide only limited
protection and may be time-consuming and expensive to enforce
and/or
maintain. Further, despite our efforts, we may be unable to
prevent third parties from infringing upon or misappropriating
our proprietary rights or from independently developing
non-infringing products that are competitive with, equivalent to
and/or
superior to our products.
Monitoring infringement
and/or
misappropriation of intellectual property can be difficult and
expensive, and we may not be able to detect any infringement or
misappropriation of our proprietary rights. Even if we do detect
infringement or misappropriation of our proprietary rights,
litigation to enforce these rights could cause us to divert
financial and other resources away from our business operations.
Further, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our
proprietary rights to the same extent as do the laws of the
United States.
Additionally, third parties may claim that products we have
independently developed infringe upon their intellectual
property rights. For example, in a recently settled lawsuit
Unither Pharma, Inc. and others had alleged that sales by
Herbalife International of (1) its
Niteworks®
and Prelox Blue products and (2) its former products
Womans Advantage with DHEA and Optimum Performance
infringed on patents that are licensed to or owned by those
parties. Although we do not believe that we are infringing on
any third party intellectual property rights, there can be no
assurance that one or more of our products will not be found to
infringe upon other third party intellectual property rights in
the future.
Since
one of our products constitutes a significant portion of our
retail sales, significant decreases in consumer demand for this
product or our failure to produce a suitable replacement should
we cease offering it would harm our financial condition and
operating results.
Our Formula 1 meal replacement product constitutes a significant
portion of our sales, accounting for approximately 27.0%, 28.4%
and 30% of retail sales for the fiscal years ended
December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. If consumer
demand for this product decreases significantly or we cease
offering this product without a suitable replacement, then our
financial condition and operating results would be harmed.
If we
lose the services of members of our senior management team, then
our financial condition and operating results would be
harmed.
We depend on the continued services of our Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer, Michael O. Johnson, and our current senior
management team as they work closely with the senior distributor
leadership to create an environment of inspiration, motivation
and entrepreneurial business success. Although we have entered
into employment agreements with certain members of our senior
management team, and do not believe that any of them are
planning to leave or retire in the near term, we cannot assure
you that our senior managers will remain with us. The loss or
departure of any member of our senior management team could
adversely impact our distributor relations and operating
results. If any of these executives do not remain with us, our
business could suffer. Also, the loss of key personnel,
including our regional and country managers, could negatively
impact our ability to implement our business strategy, and our
continued success will also be dependent on our ability to
retain existing, and attract additional, qualified personnel to
meet our needs. We currently do not maintain key
person life insurance with respect to our senior
management team.
The
covenants in our existing indebtedness limit our discretion with
respect to certain business matters, which could limit our
ability to pursue certain strategic objectives and in turn harm
our financial condition and operating results.
Our credit facility contains numerous financial and operating
covenants that restrict our and our subsidiaries ability
to, among other things:
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pay dividends, redeem share capital or capital stock and make
other restricted payments and investments;
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incur additional debt or issue preferred shares;
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impose dividend or other distribution restrictions on our
subsidiaries;
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50
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create liens on our and our subsidiaries assets;
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engage in transactions with affiliates;
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guarantee other indebtedness; and
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merge, consolidate or sell all or substantially all of our
assets and the assets of our subsidiaries.
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In addition, our credit facility requires us to meet certain
financial ratios and financial conditions. Our ability to comply
with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our
control, including prevailing economic, financial and industry
conditions. Failure to comply with these covenants could result
in a default causing all amounts to become due and payable under
our credit facility, which is secured by substantially all of
our assets, which the lenders thereunder could proceed to
foreclose against.
If we
do not comply with transfer pricing, customs duties, and similar
regulations, then we may be subjected to additional taxes,
duties, interest and penalties in material amounts, which could
harm our financial condition and operating
results.
As a multinational corporation, in many countries including the
United States we are subject to transfer pricing and other tax
regulations designed to ensure that our intercompany
transactions are consummated at prices that have not been
manipulated to produce a desired tax result, that appropriate
levels of income are reported as earned by our United States or
local entities, and that we are taxed appropriately on such
transactions. In addition, our operations are subject to
regulations designed to ensure that appropriate levels of
customs duties are assessed on the importation of our products.
We are currently subject to pending or proposed audits that are
at various levels of review, assessment or appeal in a number of
jurisdictions involving transfer pricing issues, income taxes,
customs duties, value added taxes, withholding taxes, sales and
use and other taxes and related interest and penalties in
material amounts. In one such case we are currently appealing a
tax assessment in Spain. In another matter, in Mexico, we are
awaiting a formal administrative assessment to start the
judicial appeals process. The likelihood and timing of any such
potential assessment is unknown as of the date hereof. The
Company believes that it has meritorious defenses. In some
circumstances, additional taxes, interest and penalties have
been assessed and we will be required to pay the assessments or
post surety, in order to challenge the assessments. We have
reserved in the consolidated financial statements an amount that
we believe represents the most likely outcome of the resolution
of these disputes, but if we are incorrect in our assessment we
may have to pay the full amount asserted. Ultimate resolution of
these matters may take several years, and the outcome is
uncertain. If the United States Internal Revenue Service or the
taxing authorities of any other jurisdiction were to
successfully challenge our transfer pricing practices or our
positions regarding the payment of income taxes, customs duties,
value added taxes, withholding taxes, sales and use, and other
taxes, we could become subject to higher taxes and our earnings
would be adversely affected.
We may
be held responsible for certain taxes or assessments relating to
the activities of our distributors, which could harm our
financial condition and operating results.
Our distributors are subject to taxation, and in some instances,
legislation or governmental agencies impose an obligation on us
to collect taxes, such as value added taxes, and to maintain
appropriate records. In addition, we are subject to the risk in
some jurisdictions of being responsible for social security and
similar taxes with respect to our distributors. In the event
that local laws and regulations or the interpretation of local
laws and regulations change to require us to treat our
independent distributors as employees, or that our distributors
are deemed by local regulatory authorities in one or more of the
jurisdictions in which we operate to be our employees rather
than independent contractors under existing laws and
interpretations, we may be held responsible for social security
and related taxes in those jurisdictions, plus any related
assessments and penalties, which could harm our financial
condition and operating results.
51
We may
incur material product liability claims, which could increase
our costs and harm our financial condition and operating
results.
Our products consist of herbs, vitamins and minerals and other
ingredients that are classified as foods or dietary supplements
and are not subject to pre-market regulatory approval in the
United States. Our products could contain contaminated
substances, and some of our products contain some ingredients
that do not have long histories of human consumption. We conduct
limited clinical studies on some key products but not all
products. Previously unknown adverse reactions resulting from
human consumption of these ingredients could occur. As a
marketer of dietary and nutritional supplements and other
products that are ingested by consumers or applied to their
bodies, we have been, and may again be, subjected to various
product liability claims, including that the products contain
contaminants, the products include inadequate instructions as to
their uses, or the products include inadequate warnings
concerning side effects and interactions with other substances.
It is possible that widespread product liability claims could
increase our costs, and adversely affect our revenues and
operating income. Moreover, liability claims arising from a
serious adverse event may increase our costs through higher
insurance premiums and deductibles, and may make it more
difficult to secure adequate insurance coverage in the future.
In addition, our product liability insurance may fail to cover
future product liability claims, thereby requiring us to pay
substantial monetary damages and adversely affecting our
business. Finally, given the higher level of self-insured
retentions that we have accepted under our current product
liability insurance policies, which are as high as approximately
$10 million, in certain cases we may be subject to the full
amount of liability associated with any injuries, which could be
substantial.
Several years ago, a number of states restricted the sale of
dietary supplements containing botanical sources of ephedrine
alkaloids and on February 6, 2004, the FDA banned the use
of such ephedrine alkaloids. Until late 2002, we had sold
Thermojetics®
original green herbal tablets,
Thermojetics®
green herbal tablets and
Thermojetics®
gold herbal tablets, all of which contained ephedrine alkaloids.
Accordingly, we run the risk of product liability claims related
to the ingestion of ephedrine alkaloids contained in those
products. Currently, we have been named as a defendant in
product liability lawsuits seeking to link the ingestion of
certain of the aforementioned products to subsequent alleged
medical problems suffered by plaintiffs. Although we believe
that we have meritorious defenses to the allegations contained
in these lawsuits, and are vigorously defending these claims,
there can be no assurance that we will prevail in our defense of
any or all of these matters.
We are
subject to, among other things, requirements regarding the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. In
connection with these requirements, we conduct regular audits of
our business and operations. Our failure to identify or correct
deficiencies and areas of weakness in the course of these audits
could adversely affect our financial condition and operating
results.
We are required to comply with various corporate governance and
financial reporting requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, as well as new rules and regulations adopted by the SEC,
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the New York
Stock Exchange. In particular, we are required to include
management and auditor reports on the effectiveness of internal
controls over financial reporting as part of our annual reports
on
Form 10-K,
pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We
expect to continue to spend significant amounts of time and
money on compliance with these rules. Our failure to correct any
noted weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting
could result in the disclosure of material weaknesses which
could have a material adverse effect upon the market value of
our stock.
On a regular and on-going basis, we conduct audits through our
internal audit department of various aspects of our business and
operations. These internal audits are conducted to insure
compliance with our policies and to strengthen our operations
and related internal controls. The Audit Committee of our Board
of Directors regularly reviews the results of these internal
audits and, when appropriate, suggests remedial measures and
actions to correct noted deficiencies or strengthen areas of
weakness. There can be no assurance that these internal audits
will uncover all material deficiencies or areas of weakness in
our operations or internal controls. If left undetected and
uncorrected, such deficiencies and weaknesses could have a
material adverse effect on our financial condition and results
of operations.
52
From time to time, the results of these internal audits may
necessitate that we conduct further investigations into aspects
of our business or operations. At the time of the filing of our
Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, one such
investigation was pending. This investigation concerned certain
activities related to one of our foreign subsidiaries and
related matters, and involved possible violations of applicable
law. The then pending review of this investigation necessitated
our filing of a request for extension on
Form 12b-25
with the SEC. This investigation was completed in the fourth
quarter of 2006, and the Audit Committee of our Board of
Directors has adopted, and we have implemented, a remediation
plan in response to the related findings. We believe the results
of this investigation will not have a material adverse effect on
our financial condition or results of operations. In addition,
our business practices and operations may periodically be
investigated by one or more of the many governmental authorities
with jurisdiction over our worldwide operations. In the event
that these investigations produce unfavorable results, we may be
subjected to fines, penalties or loss of licenses or permits
needed to operate in certain jurisdictions, any one of which
could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition
or operating results.
Holders
of our common shares may face difficulties in protecting their
interests because we are incorporated under Cayman Islands
law.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated
memorandum and articles of association, and by the Companies Law
(2007 Revision) and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The
rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of
our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly
established as under statutes or judicial precedent in existence
in jurisdictions in the United States. Therefore, shareholders
may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the
face of actions by our management or board of directors than
would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a
jurisdiction in the United States, due to the comparatively less
developed nature of Cayman Islands law in this area.
Unlike many jurisdictions in the United States, Cayman Islands
law does not specifically provide for shareholder appraisal
rights on a merger or consolidation of a company. This may make
it more difficult for shareholders to assess the value of any
consideration they may receive in a merger or consolidation or
to require that the offer give shareholders additional
consideration if they believe the consideration offered is
insufficient.
Shareholders of Cayman Islands exempted companies such as
Herbalife have no general rights under Cayman Islands law to
inspect corporate records and accounts or to obtain copies of
lists of our shareholders. Our directors have discretion under
our articles of association to determine whether or not, and
under what conditions, our corporate records may be inspected by
our shareholders, but are not obliged to make them available to
our shareholders. This may make it more difficult for you to
obtain the information needed to establish any facts necessary
for a shareholder motion or to solicit proxies from other
shareholders in connection with a proxy contest.
Subject to limited exceptions, under Cayman Islands law, a
minority shareholder may not bring a derivative action against
the board of directors. Maples and Calder, our Cayman Islands
counsel, has informed us that they are not aware of any reported
class action or derivative action having been brought in a
Cayman Islands court.
Provisions
of our articles of association and Cayman Islands corporate law
may impede a takeover or make it more difficult for shareholders
to change the direction or management of the Company, which
could reduce shareholders opportunity to influence
management of the Company.
Our articles of association permit our board of directors to
issue preference shares from time to time, with such rights and
preferences as they consider appropriate. Our board of directors
could authorize the issuance of preference shares with terms and
conditions and under circumstances that could have an effect of
discouraging a takeover or other transaction.
In addition, our articles of association contain certain other
provisions which could have an effect of discouraging a takeover
or other transaction or preventing or making it more difficult
for shareholders to change the direction or management of our
Company, including a classified board, the inability of
shareholders to act by written consent, a limitation on the
ability of shareholders to call special meetings of shareholders
and advance notice provisions. As a result, our shareholders may
have less input into the management of our Company than they
might otherwise have if these provisions were not included in
our articles of association.
53
Unlike many jurisdictions in the United States, Cayman Islands
law does not provide for mergers as that term is understood
under corporate law in the United States. However, Cayman
Islands law does have statutory provisions that provide for the
reconstruction and amalgamation of companies, which are commonly
referred to in the Cayman Islands as schemes of
arrangement. The procedural and legal requirements
necessary to consummate these transactions are more rigorous and
take longer to complete than the procedures typically required
to consummate a merger in the United States. Under Cayman
Islands law and practice, a scheme of arrangement in relation to
a solvent Cayman Islands company must be approved at a
shareholders meeting by each class of shareholders, in
each case, by a majority of the number of holders of each class
of a companys shares that are present and voting (either
in person or by proxy) at such a meeting, which holders must
also represent 75% in value of such class issued that are
present and voting (either in person or by proxy) at such
meeting (excluding the shares owned by the parties to the scheme
of arrangement).
The convening of these meetings and the terms of the
amalgamation must also be sanctioned by the Grand Court of the
Cayman Islands. Although there is no requirement to seek the
consent of the creditors of the parties involved in the scheme
of arrangement, the Grand Court typically seeks to ensure that
the creditors have consented to the transfer of their
liabilities to the surviving entity or that the scheme of
arrangement does not otherwise have a material adverse effect on
the creditors interests. Furthermore, the Grand Court will
only approve a scheme of arrangement if it is satisfied that:
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the statutory provisions as to majority vote have been complied
with;
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the shareholders have been fairly represented at the meeting in
question;
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the scheme of arrangement is such as a businessman would
reasonably approve; and
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the scheme or arrangement is not one that would more properly be
sanctioned under some other provision of the Companies Law.
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There
is uncertainty as to shareholders ability to enforce
certain foreign civil liabilities in the Cayman
Islands.
We are incorporated as an exempted company with limited
liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands. A material
portion of our assets are located outside of the United States.
As a result, it may be difficult for our shareholders to enforce
judgments against us or judgments obtained in U.S. courts
predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal
securities laws of the United States or any state of the United
States.
We have been advised by our Cayman Islands counsel, Maples and
Calder, that although there is no statutory enforcement in the
Cayman Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, the
courts of the Cayman Islands will based on the
principle that a judgment by a competent foreign court imposes
upon the judgment debtor an obligation to pay the sum for which
judgment has been given recognize and enforce a
foreign judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction if such
judgment is final, for a liquidated sum, not in respect of taxes
or a fine or penalty, is not inconsistent with a Cayman Islands
judgment in respect of the same matters, and was not obtained in
a manner, and is not of a kind, the enforcement of which is
contrary to the public policy of the Cayman Islands. There is
doubt, however, as to whether the Grand Court of the Cayman
Islands will (1) recognize or enforce judgments of
U.S. courts predicated upon the civil liability provisions
of the federal securities laws of the United States or any state
of the United States, or (2) in original actions brought in
the Cayman Islands, impose liabilities predicated upon the civil
liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the
United States or any state of the United States, on the grounds
that such provisions are penal in nature.
The Grand Court of the Cayman Islands may stay proceedings if
concurrent proceedings are being brought elsewhere.
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Item 2.
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UNREGISTERED
SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
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(a) None.
(b) None.
(c) On April 18, 2007, we announced that our board of
directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million
of our common shares during the next two years, at such times
and prices as determined by
54
management, as market conditions warrant. On August 23,
2007, our board of directors approved an increase of
$150 million to this share repurchase program raising the
total value of common shares authorized to be repurchased to
$450 million. On May 20, 2008, we announced that our
board of directors had approved an additional increase of
$150 million to its previously authorized share repurchase
program raising the total value of our common shares authorized
to be repurchased to $600 million. Since the inception of
the share repurchase program, we have repurchased approximately
11.3 million of our common shares at an aggregate cost of
$460.0 million or an average cost of $40.82 per share.
The following is a summary of our repurchases of common shares
during the three months ended June 30, 2008:
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Total Number
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of Shares
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Approximate Dollar
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Purchased as
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Value of Shares
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Total Number
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Average Price
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Part of Publicly
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that May Yet Be
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of Shares
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Paid per
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Announced
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Purchased Under the
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Period
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Purchased
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Share
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Plans or Programs
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Plans or Programs
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April 1 April 30
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$
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66,815,828
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May 1 May 31
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1,769,100
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$
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43.23
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1,769,100
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$
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140,024,126
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June 1 June 30
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$
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140,024,126
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Total
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1,769,100
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$
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43.23
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1,769,100
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$
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140,024,126
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Item 3.
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DEFAULTS
UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
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None.
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Item 4.
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SUBMISSION
OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
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On May 1, 2008 we held our 2008 Annual General Meeting of
Shareholders. There were 57,679,263 common shares present either
in person or by proxy. At this meeting, the our shareholders
voted to elect the two nominees for director; to approve an
amendment to and restatement of the Companys 2005 Stock
Incentive Plan to increase the authorized number of common
shares issuable thereunder by 3,000,000; and to ratify the
appointment of KPMG as the our independent registered public
accountants for fiscal year 2008, each as more specifically set
forth below.
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Broker
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Proposal
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For
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Against
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Abstain
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Non-Votes
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To elect two directors, each for a term of three years.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael O. Johnson
|
|
|
52,442,595
|
|
|
|
4,906,444
|
|
|
|
330,224
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Tartol
|
|
|
51,248,280
|
|
|
|
6,100,034
|
|
|
|
330,949
|
|
|
|
|
|
To approve an amendment to and restatement of the Companys
2005 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the authorized number of
Common Shares issuable thereunder by 3,000,000
|
|
|
17,727,021
|
|
|
|
33,012,585
|
|
|
|
15,657
|
|
|
|
6,924,000
|
|
To ratify the appointment of the Companys independent
registered public accountants for fiscal year 2008
|
|
|
56,360,451
|
|
|
|
1,286,834
|
|
|
|
31,978
|
|
|
|
|
|
The terms of Leroy T. Barnes, Jr., Richard P. Bermingham,
Hal Gaba, Colombe M. Nicholas, Valeria Rico and Leon Waisbein as
directors continued after the meeting.
|
|
Item 5.
|
OTHER
INFORMATION
|
(a) None.
(b) None.
(a) Exhibit Index:
55
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
2
|
.1
|
|
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 10, 2002, by and
among Herbalife International, Inc., WH Holdings (Cayman
Islands) Ltd. and WH Acquisition Corp.
|
|
(a)
|
|
3
|
.1
|
|
Form of Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of
Association of Herbalife Ltd.
|
|
(d)
|
|
4
|
.1
|
|
Form of Share Certificate
|
|
(d)
|
|
10
|
.1
|
|
Form of Indemnity Agreement between Herbalife International Inc.
and certain officers and directors of Herbalife International
Inc.
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.2
|
|
Office lease agreement between Herbalife International of
America Inc. and State Teachers Retirement System, dated
July 11, 1995
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.3#
|
|
Herbalife International of America, Inc.s Senior Executive
Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1996, as
amended
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.4#
|
|
Herbalife International of America, Inc.s Management
Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1996, as
amended
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.5
|
|
Master Trust Agreement between Herbalife International of
America, Inc. and Imperial Trust Company, Inc., effective
January 1, 1996
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.6#
|
|
Herbalife International Inc. 401K Profit Sharing Plan and Trust,
as amended
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.7
|
|
Trust Agreement for Herbalife 2001 Executive Retention
Plan, effective March 15, 2001
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.8#
|
|
Herbalife 2001 Executive Retention Plan, effective
March 15, 2001
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.9
|
|
Notice to Distributors regarding Amendment to Agreements of
Distributorship, dated as of July 18, 2002 between
Herbalife International, Inc. and each Herbalife Distributor
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.10
|
|
Indemnity Agreement dated as of July 31, 2002, by and among
WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd., WH Acquisition Corp.,
Whitney & Co., LLC, Whitney V, L.P., Whitney
Strategic Partners V, L.P., GGC Administration, L.L.C.,
Golden Gate Private Equity, Inc., CCG Investments (BVI), L.P.,
CCG Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV,
LLC-Series C, CCG AV, LLC-Series C, CCG AV,
LLC-Series E, CCG Associates-QP, LLC and WH Investments Ltd.
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.11#
|
|
Independent Directors Stock Option Plan of WH Holdings
(Cayman Islands) Ltd.
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.12#
|
|
WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. Stock Incentive Plan, as
restated, dated as of November 5, 2003
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.13#
|
|
Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement, dated as of April 3,
2003 between WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd. and Michael O.
Johnson
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.14#
|
|
Side Letter Agreement dated as of April 3, 2003 by and
among WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd., Michael O. Johnson and
the Shareholders listed therein
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.15#
|
|
Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Non-Executive
Agreement)
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.16#
|
|
Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Agreement (Executive
Agreement)
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.17
|
|
Indemnity Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2004, among WH
Capital Corporation and Gregory Probert
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.18
|
|
Indemnity Agreement, dated as of February 9, 2004, among WH
Capital Corporation and Brett R. Chapman
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.19
|
|
Stock Subscription Agreement of WH Capital Corporation, dated as
of February 9, 2004, between WH Capital Corporation and WH
Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd.
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.20
|
|
First Amendment to Amended and Restated WH Holdings (Cayman
Islands) Ltd. Stock Incentive Plan, dated November 5, 2003
|
|
(a)
|
|
10
|
.21
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002,
by and among WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd., Whitney V,
L.P., Whitney Strategic Partners V, L.P., WH Investments
Ltd., CCG Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG
Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment Fund-AI, L.P., CCG AV,
LLC-Series C and CCG AV, LLC-Series E.
|
|
(b)
|
56
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
10
|
.22
|
|
Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of July 31, 2002, by and
among WH Holdings (Cayman Islands) Ltd., Whitney Strategic
Partners V, L.P., WH Investments Ltd., Whitney V,
L.P., CCG Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG
Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV,
LLC-Series C and CCG AV, LLC-Series E.
|
|
(b)
|
|
10
|
.23
|
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement between Herbalife Ltd. and the
directors and certain officers of Herbalife Ltd.
|
|
(c)
|
|
10
|
.24#
|
|
Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, effective
December 1, 2004
|
|
(c)
|
|
10
|
.25
|
|
Termination Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004,
between Herbalife Ltd., Herbalife International, Inc. and
Whitney & Co., LLC.
|
|
(d)
|
|
10
|
.26
|
|
Termination Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2004,
between Herbalife Ltd., Herbalife International Inc. and GGC
Administration, L.L.C.
|
|
(d)
|
|
10
|
.27
|
|
Indemnification Agreement, dated as of December 13, 2004,
by and among Herbalife Ltd., Herbalife International, Inc.,
Whitney V, L.P., Whitney Strategic Partners V, L.P.,
CCG Investments (BVI), L.P., CCG Associates-QP, LLC, CCG
Associates-AI, LLC, CCG Investment Fund-AI, LP, CCG AV,
LLC-Series C, CCG AV, LLC-Series E, CCG CI, LLC and
GGC Administration, LLC.
|
|
(d)
|
|
10
|
.28#
|
|
Amendment No. 1 to Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan
|
|
(e)
|
|
10
|
.29#
|
|
Form of Stock Bonus Award Agreement
|
|
(e)
|
|
10
|
.30#
|
|
Employment Agreement Effective as of January 1, 2005
between Herbalife Ltd. and Henry Burdick
|
|
(f)
|
|
10
|
.31#
|
|
Form of 2004 Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Option Agreement
|
|
(g)
|
|
10
|
.32#
|
|
Form of 2004 Herbalife Ltd. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan
Non-Employee Director Stock Option Agreement
|
|
(g)
|
|
10
|
.33
|
|
Service Agreement by and between Herbalife Europe Limited and
Wynne Roberts ESQ, dated as of September 6, 2005
|
|
(h)
|
|
10
|
.34#
|
|
Independent Directors Deferred Compensation and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(i)
|
|
10
|
.35#
|
|
Independent Directors Stock Unit Award Agreement
|
|
(i)
|
|
10
|
.36#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement
|
|
(j)
|
|
10
|
.37#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement
|
|
(j)
|
|
10
|
.38#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement applicable to Mr. Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(k)
|
|
10
|
.39#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement applicable to
Mr. Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(k)
|
|
10
|
.40#
|
|
Amendment to Herbalife Ltd. Independent Directors Deferred
Compensation and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(l)
|
|
10
|
.41#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement applicable to Messrs. Gregory Probert,
Brett R. Chapman and Richard Goudis
|
|
(m)
|
|
10
|
.42#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement applicable to
Messrs. Gregory Probert, Brett R. Chapman and Richard Goudis
|
|
(m)
|
|
10
|
.43#
|
|
Employment agreement dated December 18, 2007 between
Herbalife International of America, Inc. and Paul Noack
|
|
(n)
|
|
10
|
.44#
|
|
Summary of Board Committee Compensation
|
|
(o)
|
|
10
|
.45
|
|
Form of Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and
among Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH
Intermediate Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings
S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L.,
HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation,
WH Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings
Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg
Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party
thereto in favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as
Collateral Agent
|
|
(p)
|
57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
10
|
.46
|
|
Form of Security Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by
and among Herbalife International, Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH
Intermediate Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings
S.á.R.L., Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L.,
HLF Luxembourg Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation,
WH Luxembourg Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings
Ltd., Herbalife Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg
Distribution S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party
thereto in favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as
Collateral Agent
|
|
(p)
|
|
10
|
.47#
|
|
Amended and Restated Independent Directors Deferred Compensation
and Stock Unit Plan
|
|
(p)
|
|
10
|
.48#
|
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Gregory
L. Probert dated October 10, 2006
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.49#
|
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R.
Chapman dated October 10, 2006
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.50#
|
|
Stock Unit Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R.
Chapman dated October 10, 2006
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.51#
|
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R. Chapman dated
September 1, 2004
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.52#
|
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R. Chapman dated
December 1, 2004
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.53#
|
|
Amendment dated October 10, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Brett R. Chapman dated
April 27, 2005
|
|
(q)
|
|
10
|
.54#
|
|
Employment Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard
P. Goudis dated October 24, 2006
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.55#
|
|
Stock Unit Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard
P. Goudis dated October 24, 2006
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.56#
|
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated
June 14, 2004
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.57#
|
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated
September 1, 2004
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.58#
|
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated
December 1, 2004
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.59#
|
|
Amendment dated October 24, 2006, to Stock Option Agreement
by and between Herbalife Ltd. and Richard P. Goudis dated
April 27, 2005
|
|
(r)
|
|
10
|
.60#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement applicable to Michael O. Johnson
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.61#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement applicable to Michael O.
Johnson
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.62#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement applicable to Messrs. Gregory L. Probert,
Richard P. Goudis and Brett R. Chapman
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.63#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement applicable to
Messrs. Gregory L. Probert, Richard P. Goudis and Brett R.
Chapman
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.64#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Unit
Award Agreement
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.65#
|
|
Form of Herbalife Ltd. 2005 Stock Incentive Plan Stock
Appreciation Right Award Agreement
|
|
(s)
|
|
10
|
.66
|
|
First Amendment dated June 21, 2007, to Form of Credit
Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among
Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L.,
Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg
Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife
Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution
S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(t)
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit
|
|
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Description
|
|
Reference
|
|
|
10
|
.67
|
|
Second Amendment dated September 17, 2007, to Form of
Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among
Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L.,
Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg
Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife
Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution
S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(t)
|
|
10
|
.68
|
|
Third Amendment dated November 30, 2007, to Form of Credit
Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among
Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L.,
Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg
Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife
Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution
S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(u)
|
|
10
|
.69
|
|
Herbalife Ltd. Employee Stock Purchase Plan
|
|
(u)
|
|
10
|
.70
|
|
Fourth Amendment dated February 21, 2008, to Form of Credit
Agreement, dated as of July 21, 2006, by and among
Herbalife International Inc., Herbalife Ltd., WH Intermediate
Holdings Ltd., HBL Ltd., WH Luxembourg Holdings S.á.R.L.,
Herbalife International Luxembourg S.á.R.L., HLF Luxembourg
Holdings, S.á.R.L., WH Capital Corporation, WH Luxembourg
Intermediate Holdings S.á.R.L., HV Holdings Ltd., Herbalife
Distribution Ltd., Herbalife Luxembourg Distribution
S.á.R.L., and the Subsidiary Guarantors party thereto in
favor of Merrill Lynch Capital Corporation, as Collateral Agent
|
|
(u)
|
|
10
|
.71#
|
|
Employment Agreement dated as of April 1, 2008 between
Michael O. Johnson and Herbalife International of America, Inc.
|
|
(v)
|
|
10
|
.72#
|
|
Stock Unit Award Agreement by and between Herbalife Ltd. and
Michael O. Johnson, dated March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v)
|
|
10
|
.73#
|
|
Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement by and between
Herbalife Ltd. and Michael O. Johnson, dated March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v)
|
|
10
|
.74#
|
|
Stock Appreciation Right Award Agreement by and between
Herbalife Ltd. and Michael O. Johnson, dated March 27, 2008.
|
|
(v)
|
|
10
|
.75#
|
|
Amendment No. 1 to Employment Agreement dated as of
April 4, 2008 between Gregory L. Probert and Herbalife
International of America, Inc.
|
|
(w)
|
|
31
|
.1
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
|
|
*
|
|
31
|
.2
|
|
Rule 13a-14(a)
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
|
|
*
|
|
32
|
.1
|
|
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
*
|
|
|
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
# |
|
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
59
|
|
|
(a) |
|
Previously filed on October 1, 2004 as an Exhibit to the
Companys registration statement on
Form S-1
(File
No. 333-119485)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(b) |
|
Previously filed on November 9, 2004 as an Exhibit to
Amendment No. 2 to the Companys registration
statement on
Form S-1
(File No.
333-119485)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(c) |
|
Previously filed on December 2, 2004 as an Exhibit to
Amendment No. 4 to the Companys registration
statement on
Form S-1
(File No.
333-119485)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(d) |
|
Previously filed on December 14, 2004 as an Exhibit to
Amendment No. 5 to the Companys registration
statement on
Form S-1
(File No.
333-119485)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(e) |
|
Previously filed on February 17, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys registration statement on
Form S-8
(File
No. 333-122871)
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(f) |
|
Previously filed on May 13, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(g) |
|
Previously filed on June 14, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(h) |
|
Previously filed on September 23, 2005 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(i) |
|
Previously filed on February 28, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2005 and is incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
(j) |
|
Previously filed on March 29, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(k) |
|
Previously filed on March 29, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(l) |
|
Previously filed on March 30, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(m) |
|
Previously filed on March 31, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(n) |
|
Previously filed on December 20, 2007 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(o) |
|
Previously filed on May 5, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(p) |
|
Previously filed on November 13, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 2006 and is
incorporated by reference. |
|
(q) |
|
Previously filed on October 12, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(r) |
|
Previously filed on October 26, 2006 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(s) |
|
Previously filed on May 29, 2007 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(t) |
|
Previously filed on November 6, 2007 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended September 30, 2007 and is
incorporated by reference. |
|
(u) |
|
Previously filed on February 26, 2008 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2007 and is incorporated
herein by reference. |
|
(v) |
|
Previously filed on April 7, 2008 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
|
(w) |
|
Previously filed on April 9, 2008 as an Exhibit to the
Companys Current Report on
Form 8-K
and is incorporated herein by reference. |
60
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
HERBALIFE LTD.
Richard Goudis
Chief Financial Officer
Dated: August 5, 2008
61